Exam 2 PSY 101 Chapters 5-7

Which is not considered a stage theorist?

Ivan Pavlov

Some combination of place theory and frequency theory appears to be most necessary in accounting for how we sense _____ sound waves.

intermediate-frequency

Object Permanence does not occur until the child is at least 9 months old.

False

In which stage of Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development do individuals either discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or feel a lack of purpose?

Generativity versus stagnation

In Harry and Margaret Harlow's experiment on attachment, the baby monkey preferred the object that was warm and resembled a mother even more than the object that provided food.

True

How many taste receptors are present in each taste bud pore?

50 to 100

Most people can remember with great detail things learned before age 4.

False

Recognizing the smell of a burning log is an example of

perception

Shaping is a(n) _____ procedure in which reinforcers are _____.

operant conditioning; used to guide actions closer and closer to a desired behavior

According to Vygotsky, talking to themselves helps children control their behavior and emotions and

learn and be adept at new skills

After experiencing a thunderstorm, we learn that when lightning flashes nearby, a crack of thunder will follow. This best illustrates

classical conditioning

When shown two images with the same three elements, Italian newborns spent nearly twice as many seconds looking at the face-like image.

True

The social disconnection that often occurs during adolescence increases the risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms and

substance use disorder

A critical period is a length of time early in life during which

exposure to certain experiences is needed for proper development

Erikson used the test of conservation

False

Piaget is best known for his interest in the process of _____ development

cognitive

According to Piaget, which concept refers to our ability to adapt our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information?

Accmmodation

Which of the following is not a stage of Erikson's psychosocial development theory?

Preoperational

Bottom-up processing is the information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations

False

The fovea is located _____.

on the retina

During late adolescence people show a(n) _____ in agreeableness and a(n) _____ in emotional stability.

increase; increase

Most children who have had to cope with adversity develop resilience.

True

Getting food when hungry or havinga painful headache go away are examples of:

primary reinforcers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a child with secure attachment?

Seem not to notice or care about there mothers departure or return

Lawrence Kohlberg is best known for _______

Moral development

Negative reinforcement and Punishment are both used to accomplish the same goal

False

An area in the right temporal lobe that enables those with vision to detect faces is known as

a feature detector

Weber’s law is the principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount)

True

When Mia visits her grandparents, she notices that the white sheets hanging on the line outside to dry appear to have the same level of brightness, regardless of the time of day Mia sees them. This is related to

brightness constancy

Match the Stage Theory with the theroist: Piaget

Cognitive Development

Match the Stage Theory with the theroist: Kohlberg

Moral development

Match the Stage Theory with the theroist: Erikson

Psychosocial Development

Match the stages of Cognitive development to the Milestone: Concreate Operational

Conservation and Mathematical transformation

Match the stages of Cognitive development to the Milestone: Formal Operational

Abstract Logic and Potential for Moral Reasoning

Match the stages of Cognitive development to the Milestone: Sensorimotor

Object permeance and Stranger Anxiety

Match the stages of Cognitive development to the Milestone: Preoperational

Pretend Play and Egocentrism

Match the approximate age with the stage of development: 8-10

competence

Match the approximate age with the stage of development: Birth to 2

Sensorimotor

Match the approximate age with the stage of development: 14+

Post conventual

Match the approximate age with the stage of development: 12-14+

Formal Operational

Vestibular sense

Sense of body movement and position, including sense of balance

Kinesthesia

System for sensing position and movement of individual body parts also Interacts with vision