Research Methods Lab Final Exam Study Guide

Flashcards covering key topics from the Research Methods Lab Final Exam study guide.

APA7 format

A set of writing guidelines for research papers established by the American Psychological Association.

Theory-Data Cycle

A model that describes the process of collecting data to test a theory.

Chi-square Test

A statistical test used to determine if there is a significant association between categorical variables.

Correlation Coefficient

A statistical measure that describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two quantitative variables.

ANOVA

Analysis of Variance; a statistical method used to compare means between three or more groups.

Independent Variables

Variables that are manipulated to observe their effect on dependent variables.

Dependent Variables

Variables that are measured in an experiment to assess the effect of independent variables.

Categorical Variables

Variables that can be divided into groups or categories.

Quantitative Variables

Numerical variables that can be measured and expressed mathematically.

Statistical Validity

The extent to which a study correctly uses statistical methods and draws accurate conclusions from data.

Internal Validity

The degree to which a study reliably measures the causal relationship it claims to measure.

External Validity

The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other settings, populations, or times.

Construct Definitions

The specific process of defining a theoretical construct in measurable terms.

Operational Definitions

The procedures or measurements used to define a construct or variable in a research study.

P-value

A statistical measure that indicates the probability of the results occurring by chance under the null hypothesis.

Descriptive Statistics

Statistical methods that summarize and describe the main features of a dataset.

Hanging Indent

A style in which the first line of each reference is flush left, and subsequent lines are indented.