Normal Language Development

2;0–2;5

Follows 2-step related commands (in routines); 2-word phrases consistent; ~300 words; uses -ing; asks 'what' questions; 2+ pronouns

2;6–2;11

3;0–3;5

Follows 2-step unrelated commands; categorizes objects; answers 'why'; 900+ words; 3-word phrases consistent; combines 4-5 words

3;6–3;11

3-step related directions; abstract wh-questions; regular past tense -ed; complex sentences; relates personal narratives; recalls 3-4 story elements

4;0–4;5

3-step unrelated commands; knows between/above/below; 4000+ words; explains similarities/differences; talks about past/present/future

4;6–4;11

Answers predictive wh-questions; 'will' for future; 5-8 word sentences; comparative -er emerges; 2100-word vocabulary

5;0–5;11

Makes up/tells stories; identifies story problem and plot; understands figurative language begins; makes predictions from illustrations

2;0–2;11 prag

Communicates 5x/min; initiates/expands topics with adult scaffolding; comments (concrete); beginning friendships

3;0–3;11 prag

Maintains topics >2 turns; adjusts info for listener (limited); uses indirect requests; understands pause length in conversation

4;0–4;11 prag

Differentiates communication by listener; repairs breakdowns; interprets language literally

5;0–5;11 prag

Aware of others' feelings; shifts topics; understands indirect = more polite; begins organizational awareness