RADPATH 6

What is Ductus arteriosus

temporary vessel in utero to allow blood to flow from pulmonary artery to systemic system; it remains open

What is Coarctation of aorta

narrowing og aorta at single location or along length

What is Septal defects

defect in ventricular or atrial system

What are the types of septal defects

atrial & ventricular

What is a septum

walls dividing rt and left chambers of the heart

What is an atrial septal defect

Foramen ovale does not close at birth

What is a ventricular septal defect

pressure difference in ventricles

What is the most common congenital heart defect

atrial septal defect

What is Transposition of Great Vessel

aorta rises from right ventricle instead of left & pulm trunk from left rather than right

What are the 4 conditions in tetralogy of fallout

Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, hypertrophy of right ventricle

What is the most common cause of chronic valve disease

rheumatic fever

What is valvular stenosis

Scarring of valve cusps cause them to stick together

What is CHF

Congestion of blood in circulatory system

What is CHF most commonly caused by

hypertension

What does left sided CHF cause

enlargement, congestion of hilar region

What does right sided CHF cause

rt. atrium, rt. ventricle enlarged

What is Cor pulmonale

Alteration in structure (hypertrophy) & function of rt. ventricle d/t pulmonary hypertension

What is Atherosclerosis (arteriosclerosis)

hardening of the arteries

What is coronary heart disease

narrowing/ blocking of coronary arteries d/t plaque accumulation

What are risk factors of coronary heart disease

smoking, high-fat diets, physical inactivity, male, advanced age, family hx, hypertension, obesity

What is myocardial infarction

Irreversible death of heart muscle (necrosis) d/t lack of blood/oxygen

What is an aneurysm

localized ballooning or outpouching of a vessel

What is venous thrombosis

Formation of blood clot in the vein

Where is venous thrombosis found

in bedridden pt when lower leg muscles aren't pumping blood to heart

What is PE

blood lodges in pulmonary artery

Etiologies of congenital & hereditary diseases

inherited genetic disorders, chromosomal aberrations, environmental factors

What happens in patent ductus arteriosus

Blood from arota flows in pulm trunk instead of systemic circulation

Symtoms of Myocardial infarction

crushing chest pain radiating down arm, neck, jaw; SOB

What can PE lead to

respiratory distress, heart failure, & cardidogenic shock