Forearm and Hand | Trail Guide to the Body Workbook Questions

The palpable edge of which bone runs the length of the forearm?

Ulna

Which two movements occur when the radius pivots back and forth around the ulna?

Pronation and Supination

The elbow is composed of two joints, the ______ and ______.

Humeroulnar and Humeroradial

The eight carpals are located just distal to which topographical landmark?

Flexor crease

The olecranon process serves as an attachment site for which muscle?

Triceps brachii

Which bony landmark serves as an attachment site for the tendons of the wrist and finger extensors?

Lateral epicondyle

Which superficial bony knob is visible along the posterior, medial side of the wrist?

Head of the ulna

The head of the radius is stabilized by which ligament?

Annular ligament

Which bony landmark of the radius serves as the attachment site for brachioradialis?

Styloid process

Lister's tubercle is directly across—perhaps an inch away—from which bony landmark?

Head of the ulna

The styloid processes of the radius and ulna serve as important jumping-off points for locating which group of bones?

Carpals

What are the four surface sides of the carpals that can be palpated?

Dorsal, Palmar, Radial, Ulnar

The carpals are located distal to which topographical feature of the palmar side?

Flexor crease of wrist

Which carpal can be felt on the ulnar/palmar side of the hand, just distal to the flexor crease?

Pisiform

The pisiform acts as an attachment site for which muscle?

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Which carpal can best be palpated by asking your partner to abduct and adduct the wrist as you palpate just distal to the styloid process of the ulna?

Triquetrum

A hook-shaped protuberance is the distinct landmark used to isolate which carpal?

Hamate

Which band of connective tissue forms the "roof" of the carpal tunnel?

Flexor retinaculum

Which two structures pass through the Tunnel of Guyon?

Ulnar artery and Ulnar nerve

Which four carpals serve as attachment sites for the flexor retinaculum?

Pisiform, Hamate, Scaphoid, Trapezium

Which carpal forms the floor of the "anatomical snuffbox"?

Scaphoid

Which bone articulates with the first metacarpal and is the source of the thumb's unique movements?

Trapezium

Which carpal can be located just distal to the styloid process of the radius and felt upon adduction of the wrist?

Scaphoid

Which two carpals are located between Lister's tubercle and the base of the third metacarpal and are best palpated from the dorsal surface?

Lunate and Capitate

Anatomically speaking, the proper name for a "knuckle" joint is the ______ joint.

Metacarpophalangeal

Which muscle is a strong elbow flexor located deep to the biceps brachii?

Brachialis

The brachioradialis creates a helpful dividing line between which two muscle groups?

Flexors and Extensors

Which muscle runs the length of the forearm but does not cross the wrist joint?

Brachioradialis

The pronator quadratus is deep to the ______ tendons and is accessible only on the quadratus's ______ portion.

Flexor; Lateral

The ______ muscle is an antagonist to both the biceps brachii and supinator.

Pronator teres

Palpating medial to the distal tendon of which muscle can help you locate the pronator teres?

Biceps brachii

To access the supinator, you must palpate deep to which muscle group?

Extensors

Passive pronation of the forearm would ______ the supinator.

Lengthen

Passive flexion of the elbow would ______ the brachioradialis.

Shorten

Passive extension of the elbow would ______ the brachialis.

Lengthen

Passive pronation of the forearm would ______ the pronator teres.

Shorten

With the forearm in anatomical position, the posterior/lateral side contains the ______ group, while the anterior/medial side contains the ______ group.

Extensor; Flexor

The brachioradialis and the ______ clearly divide the forearm flexors from the extensors.

Shaft of the ulna

Looking at its name, what information can you gather about the muscle flexor carpi radialis?

A flexor that extends to the carpus on the radial side

Which extensor muscle can be palpated alongside the shaft of the ulna?

Extensor carpi ulnaris

The extensor digitorum creates movement at which fingers?

Second through fifth

When palpating the forearm, the muscle bellies of the ______ group will feel smaller and more sinewy than the ______ group.

Extensor; Flexor

Which forearm muscles compose the "wad of three"?

Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Which action can you ask your partner to perform at the wrist to distinguish the brachioradialis from the extensor carpi radialis?

Abduct

What are the three superficial muscles in the flexor group?

Palmaris longus, Flexor carpi radialis, Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus have ______ tendons which pass through which anatomical structure?

Four; Carpal tunnel

Pinching the fingers together highlights the tendon of which muscle at the wrist?

Palmaris longus

What muscle runs between the pisiform and the medial epicondyle?

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Although the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus are deep to other forearm flexors, they can be accessed along the medial side of which bony landmark?

Ulnar shaft

Passive abduction of the wrist would ______ the extensor carpi radialis longus.

Shorten

Passive flexion of fingers 2-5 would ______ the extensor digitorum.

Lengthen

Passive flexion of the wrist would ______ the palmaris longus.

Shorten

Passive adduction of the wrist would ______ the flexor carpi radialis.

Lengthen

Passive extension of fingers 2-5 would ______ the flexor digitorum profundus.

Lengthen

The ______ eminence is located at the thumb's base, while the ______ eminence is located along the ulnar side of the palm.

Thenar; Hypothenar

How many muscles act upon the thumb? How many of these are located at the thenar eminence?

Eight; Four

Which muscle is responsible for creating opposition of the thumb?

Opponens pollicis

The distal tendons of which three muscles form the "anatomical snuffbox"?

Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis, Abductor pollicis

The palmar interossei are difficult to access because they are deep to the ______ muscles and situated between the ______ bones.

Lumbrical; Metacarpal

The lumbricals sprout from the sides of the tendons of which muscle?

Flexor digitorum profundus

Which muscle is located between the pisiform and the base of the fifth finger?

Abductor digiti minimi

Which two structures reinforce the elbow joint by spanning from their respective epicondyles to the bones of the forearm?

Radial collateral ligament and Ulnar collateral ligament

During pronation and supination, which ligament stabilizes the proximal end of the radius against the ulna?

Annular ligament

Between which two bony landmarks is the ulnar nerve particularly accessible and superficial?

Medial epicondyle and Olecranon process

Which structure pads the space between the olecranon process and the skin of the elbow?

Olecranon bursa

The carpal tunnel is a passageway for many ______ and the ______ nerve.

Flexor tendons; Median nerve

The transverse fibers of the ______ and carpal bones form the carpal tunnel.

Flexor retinaculum

Which span of connective tissue is a continuation of the antebrachial fascia into the palm of the hand?

Palmar aponeurosis

Which artery is often used for taking a pulse at the wrist?

Radial artery