DNA and the Genome
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15 Terms
What is a Gene?
A small section of DNA on a chromosome.
Where are chromosmes found in a cell?
What do chromosmes contain?
Nucleus
DNA
What is DNA?
Genetic material that determines our inherited characteristics
What is a Polymer?
Lots of smaller molecules that make it up
What is a double helix structure?
Two strands that wrap around each other to form this
What has a double helix structure?
DNA
How are chromosomes in a pair alike?
The two chromosmes contain the same genes
What is each strand in DNA?
A Polymer
How are proteins formed?
By joining together Amino acids
What does each Gene do?
Give an example
Encode a specific sequence of amino acids to make a specific protein
Blood Type genes encode the sequence of Amino acids for the protein that determines blood type.
What do humans have thousands of?
Genes
What is chromosme 9 and what does it contain?
A chromosme that codes for blood type amd contains well over 700 genes
What is the Genome?
The entire genetic material of an organism that makes us human
What have scientists now done?
Studied the entire human genome
3 benefits of the scientists research on the genome?
It can be used to trace human migration patterns from the past to help people discover their ancestry
To treat and understand inherited disorders like Cystic fibrosis
To help us to search for genes that are linked to a disease such as genes that increase the risk of developing cancer or Alzheimers disease