Anatomy Lab Midterm 2

gluteus maximus

extends thigh

IA of Gluteus Maximus

Gluteal Line

Gluteal Tuberosity

Iliotibial Band

Gluteus Medius

abducts and medially rotates thigh (directly under maximus)

SA of Gluteus Medius

Ilium

IA of Gluteus Medius

Greater Trochanter of the femur

Biceps Femoris

extends thigh and flexes leg (2 heads)

SA of Biceps Femoris

Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity

Short Head: Linea Aspera

IA of Biceps Femoris

Fibular heads (both heads)

Semitendinosus

Flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group

Opposite Biceps Femoris, more superficial

SA of Semiteninosus

Ischial Tuberosity

IA of Semitendinosus

Medial surface of the tibia

Semimembranosus

Flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group

Deep to Semitendinosus, take up similar space

SA of Semimembranosus

Ischial Tuberosity

IA of Semimembranosus

Medial Condyle of the tibia

Fibularis Longus

plantar flexes and everts foot

Anterior, most lateral muscle, on Fibula

SA of Fibularis Longus

Proximal shaft of the fibula

IA of Fibularis Longus

Metatarsal I, Medial Cuneiform

fibularis brevis

plantar flexes and everts foot

Lower, closer to heel than longus

SA of Fibularis Brevis

Distal shaft of fibula

IA of Fibularis Brevis

Metatarsal V (pinky)

Gastrocnemius

Calf muscle

SA of Gastrocnemius

Medial Belly: Femur, Medial Condyle

Lateral Belly: Femur, Lateral Condyle

IA of Gastrocnemus

Calcaneal Tendon

Soleus

plantar flexes foot, directly under Gastrocnemus

SA of Soleus

Fibula, Tibia (Proximal posterior shaft)

IA of Soleus

Calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)

flexor digitorum longus

flexes toes, medial on posterior of leg

SA of Flexor Digitorum Longus

Middle posterior shaft of tibia

IA of Flexor Digitorum Longus

Distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Flexor hallucis longus

flexes great toe

Posterior side, goes to base of big toe

SA of Flexor Hallucis Longus

Fibula, Interosseus Membrane

IA of Flexor Hallucis Longus

Distal Phalanx of big toe

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Lateral, anterior, fusiform muscle

SA of Tibialis Anterior

Tibial, Lateral condyle and shaft, Interosseous Membrane

IA of Tibialis Anterior

Metatarsal I (big toe)

rectus femoris

extends leg at knee

Large, medial muscle upper knee, unipennate

SA of Rectus Femoris

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)

IA of Rectus Femoris

Proximal border of Patella

Vastus Medialis

extends knee

Muscle to medial side of Rectus Femoris

SA of Vastus Medialis

Linea Aspera

IA of Vastus Medialis

Patella (via common quadriceps tendon)

Vastus Lateralis

extends knee

Muscle to lateral side of Rectus Femoris

SA of Vastus Lateralis

Linea Aspera

IA of Vastus Lateralis

Patella (via common quadriceps tendon)

Vastus Intermedius

extends knee

Deep to Rectus Femoris, underneath and between Vastus lateralis and medialis

SA of Vastus Intermedius

Anterolateral surface of femur shaft

IA of Vastus Intermedius

Patella

Sartorius

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip; flexes knee

Band of muscle that runs from later to medial on anterior upper thigh

SA of Sartorius

ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine)

Inferior Attachment of Sartorius

Tibia

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

abducts hip, flexes hip

Most medial muscle on anterior upper thigh, often alone and not near other muscles

SA of TFL

Iliac crest, ASIS

IA of TFL

Iliotibial Band

Gracialis

adducts thigh

Thin muscle on the most medial part of anterior upper thigh

SA of Gracilis

Pubis

IA of Gracialis

Tibia

Adductor Longus

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

Longest and LOWEST of the adductors, most medial

SA of Adductor Longus

Pubis

IA of Adductor Longus

Linea Aspera of femur

Adductor Magnus

adducts thigh

DEEP to Adductor Longus

SA of Adductor Magnus

Pubis

IA of Adductor Magnus

Gluteal tuberosity

Adductor Tubercle

Adductor Brevis

adducts thigh

Above Longus, superficial to Magnus

SA of Adductor Brevis

Pubis

IA Adductor Brevis

Linea Aspera

iliotibial band

Helps to maintain knee extension, especially while standing

extensor digitorum longus

extends toes

Anterior side, connects to toes

SA of Extensor Digitorum Longus

Lateral condyle of tibia

Shaft of fibula

Interosseous Membrane

IA of Extensor Digitorum Longus

Middle and distal phalanges II-V

Extensor Hallucis Longus

extends great toe

Anterior, connects to big toe

SA of Extensor Hallucis Longus

Anterior surface of mid fibula, Interosseous membrane

IA of Extensor Hallucis Longus

Distal phalanx of big toe

Pectoralis Minor

Stabilizes, protracts, rotates scapula

MA of Pectoralis Minor

Ribs 3-5

LA of Pectoralis Minor

Coracoid process of scapula

serratus anterior

Stabilizes, protracts, rotates scapula (Hard to see on cadaver!)

Deep to subscapularis, almost like fingers covering the ribs

Anterior Attachment (AA) of Serratus Antierior

Ribs 1-9

PA of Serratus Anterior

Medial border of scapula

Sternocleidomastoid

Rotates head, base of muscle attached to anterior side of clavicle

Superior Attachment of Sternocleidomastoid

Mastoid process of temporal bone, superior nuchal line

Inferior attachments of Sternocleidomastoid

Clavicle and Manubrium

Pectoralis Major

Flexion of arm, adduction of arm, medial rotation of arm

MA of Pectoralis Major

Clavicle (medial), Sternum, Costal Cartilage 1-6

LA of Pectoralis Major

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus

Deltoid

Flexion and medial rotation, abduction of arm, extension and lateral rotation

3-headed muscle

PA of Deltoid

Clavicle (anterior)

Acromion process of scapula (lateral)

Scapular spine (posterior)

DA of Deltoid

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Biceps Brachii

Adduction of shoulder, supination of forearm, flexion and extension

Two-headed

PA of Biceps Brachii

Long head - Supraglenoid tubercle, lateral

Short head - Coracoid process of scapula, medial

DA of biceps Brachii

Radial tuberosity

Brachialis

Flexion of forearm

PA of Brachialis

Anterior distal shaft of Humerus

DA of Bachialis

Tuberosity and Coronoid process of Ulna

Brachioradialis

Flexes forearm, assists in pronation and supination

PA of Brachioradialis

Lateral distal shaft of Humerus

(Far down the humerus)

DA of Bracioradialis

Styloid process of Radius

External Obliques

compress abdomen, flex vertebral column, rotate trunk, lateral flexion of trunk

Fibers go from outside -> down

Superior attachements of External Obliques

Ribs and costal cartilages 5-12

Inferomedial attachments of External obliques

Linea alba

Iliac crest

Linea alba

midline tendinous seam joining the abdominal muscles