Massage Therapy: Digestive System

Duodenum

The first section and shortest portion of the small intestine

Cecum

Which section of the large intestine is a blind pouch

located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen?

Oral Cavity

The first portion of the gastrointestinal tract

Small intestines and large intestines

What is the ileocecal sphincter located between?

Pancreas

Organ that contains alpha cells, beta cells, and acini

cells

Stomach

A J-shaped saclike organ located between the esophagus

and the small intestine

Esophagus

Muscular tube that extends from the pharynx to the

stomach

Stomach and duodenum to transverse colon

The greater omentum extends from what to what?

Stomach and small intestines

The pyloric sphincter is located between what?

Taeniae coli

Thick, longitudinal bands in the large intestine that

resemble a thread-gathering fabric

Haustra

Pouches in the large intestine formed by the taeniae

coli that give it a segmented appearance

Cecum

The vermiform appendix is suspended from the inferior

portion of what?

Gastrointestinal tract

Open tube that begins in the mouth and ends at the

anus

Mucosa

Innermost layer of the GI tract

Small intestine

Coiled tube located between the stomach and large

intestine

Liver

Digestive organ that produces bile

Rugae

Folds in the lining of hollow organs that permit expansion

Saliva

Watery liquid that helps keep the oral mucosa moist and

lubricates food so that it is easier to swallow

Peritoneum

Large, serous membrane that envelops the abdominal

cavity

Bolus

Small round mass of food that is chewed and mixed with

saliva in the oral cavity

Chyme

Semiliquid substance churned by the stomach

Sphincter

A ring of muscle that remains contracted to close or

guard an opening

Villi

What are the fingerlike projections in the lining of the

small intestine that house blood and lymph vessels?

Galbladder

A hollow, pear-shaped sac that stores and concentrates

bile

Digestive

Digestion, absorption, and elimination of ingested

substances are functions of the _______ system

Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

What do the parietal cells in the stomach's lining secrete?

Bile

What does the liver secrete?

90%

What percentage of absorption occurs in the length

of the small intestine?

Lingual lipase

Substance that breaks lipids down into glycerol and

fatty acids

Deglutition

What is the medical term for swallowing?

Peristalsis

Wavelike movement that helps to mix and propel

products of digestion along the gastrointestinal tract

Pepsinogen and chymosin

What do the chief cells in the stomach's lining secrete?

Salivary amylase

Substance that breaks down carbohydrates

Water and electrolytes

The large intestine absorbs what substances?

Enzyme

Term used to describe substances that aid in digestion

by acting as catalysts in chemical reactions

Ingestion

Process of taking materials into the mouth by eating

and drinking

Defecation

Process of eliminating materials from the body through

the rectum and anus

Digestion

Process of breaking food down into simple molecules

that can be used by the body

Absorption

Process by which simple molecules from the GI tract

are moved into the bloodstream or lymph vessels and

then into body cells

Intrinsic Factor

Substance that promotes B12 absorption

Bile

Digestive emulsifier that breaks apart large fat globules

into smaller ones

IBS

Characterized by abnormal muscular contractions of the

colon

Chron's Disease

Type of inflammatory bowel disease that may affect any

part of the gastrointestinal tract, with the small intestine

being the most commonly affected

Cirrhosis

A progressive liver disease in which destroyed cells are

replaced by scar tissue

Peptic ulcer disease

Refers to ulcerations of the gastrointestinal mucosa that

are exposed to acidic gastric juice

Obesity

Characterized by a body mass index greater than

30 kg/m2 or waist circumference greater than 35 inches

in women and greater than 40 inches in men

Diarrhea

Frequent passing of unformed, loose, watery stools

Ulcerative colitis

Inflammation of the large intestine

Hepatitis

Strictly defined as inflammation of the liver

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Periodic regurgitation of gastric contents into the esophagus

Constipation

Infrequent or difficult passing of stools

Pregnancy massage

Modifications of basic massage techniques and body positions during pregnancy and the postpartum period

Third

Trimester in which heartburn, lower back pain, and feet swelling are more prevalent

High-risk

Type of pregnancy that is more likely to have complications for mother or developing fetus

Right hip

Where to place a cushion beneath a pregnant client in a modified semireclining position to prevent compression of abdominal blood vessels

Special populations

Group of individuals considered vulnerable because of physical limitations, life stages, or situations that restrict some rights and privileges.

Week 22

When to begin using a modified semireclining position to prevent supine hypotensive syndrome

Supine hypotens

Dizziness from a sudden drop in blood pressure caused by compression of a pregnant uterus against abdominal blood vessels

Relaxin

Hormone that increases pelvic girdle flexibility and may have a slight effect on other joints in pregnant women

Infant massage

Use of massage techniques to create a nurturing and bonding experience between an infant and parents or caregivers

Food-grade

Type of oil recommended during infant massage.

First

Pregnancy trimester in which morning sickness and fatigue are more prevalent

Deep vein thrombosis

Condition that pregnancy clients are at a higher risk for developing due to decreased clot-dissolving properties

266 days

Normal gestation is approximately how long

Pregnancy-induced hypertension

Preeclampsia is also known as what

Fatigue

Pregnancy-induced anemia and hormonal changes cause or contribute to what common complaint in pregnant women?

16

Age a young person can legally consent to medical and/or psychiatric treatments (in most states)

Postpone therapy and suggest that the client see her obstetrician for evaluation and treatment

What is the best course of action if a pregnant client is experiencing any signs or symptoms of miscarriage?

A doll

What should an instructor of infant massage use to demonstrate massage techniques to the parents or caregivers?

Second trimester

When is preeclampsia most likely to occur?

Bonding

A solid connection between the parent and child that nourishes the child on a core level

Massage areas distal to the affected areas

What is a modification for a pregnant client experiencing swelling or edema in the feet and ankles?

Morning sickness

What affects approximately 75% of pregnant women during the first trimester and can begin as early as day 10?

Preeclampsia

What best describes persistent high blood pressure with protein in the urine?

Postpartum

What best describes the period that begins after childbirth and extends for approximately 6 weeks?

Widespread swelling

What condition requires immediate referral of a pregnant client to her obstetrician or the health care provider who is managing her pregnancy?

Pregnancy

What is a sequence of events that begins with implantation, continues with embryonic and fetal growth, and ends in birth?

Cesarean section

What is a surgical procedure that removes the fetus through the abdominal wall?

Natural or low light

What type of lighting is appropriate for infant massage?

Miscarriage

What represents premature termination of a pregnancy?

Hot immersion baths or hot packs applied to the lower back or abdomen

What should be avoided by pregnant women because it may harm an unborn child or children by maternal hyperthermia?

15 to 28 weeks

Which range indicates the second trimester of pregnancy?

29 to 40 weeks

Which week range indicates the third trimester of pregnancy?

Cancer

According to the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, which of the following diagnoses accounted for approximately half of all hospice

admissions in 2012?

Be of light pressure

Massage over areas of stretch marks should what?

Barrier-free

What term describes an uncluttered office, hallway, bathroom, or massage room floor?

Varicose veins

Dilated veins resulting from incompetent valves

Stretch marks

Describes tearing, thinning, or overstretching of skin, reducing its thickness

Keep your facilities barrier-free

A good suggestion for clients generally and special populations specifically

Inspect the client's skin for evidence of decubitus ulcers

An appropriate massage consideration for a client who has an orthopedic impairment

Avoid moving your hands near hearing aids if worn during massage

Appropriate for the massage therapist to do for a client who has a hearing impairment

Begin by addressing the client by name and then stating your name

Appropriate for the massage therapist to do for a client with a visual impairment?

Heartburn

Characterized by a burning sensation in the chest and may extend to the lower throat

Dizzy spells

Phrase synonymous with orthostatic hypotension

Ischial tuberosity

Where ulcers are most likely located on clients who are wheel-chair bound according to pressure maps

Impairment

Diminished capacity

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Stages of grief identified by Dr. Elisabeth Kubler Ross

Disability

Inability to perform a major life activity such as walking, seeing, hearing, speaking

Medical

Elderly persons are least likely to be touched in which setting, according to the research study by Barnett?

Is 70 years of age or older

The term "geriatric" refers to a person who what?