Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics and Levels of Measurement

These flashcards cover the key vocabulary terms and concepts from Chapter 1 of the lecture on statistics and levels of measurement.

Statistics

The science of collecting, analyzing, interpreting, presenting, and organizing data.

Levels of Measurement

A classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables.

Nominal Scale

A scale that classifies data into distinct categories in which no order or ranking is implied.

Ordinal Scale

A scale that provides a rank order of data but does not indicate the degree of difference between those ranks.

Interval Scale

A scale where the difference between two values is meaningful; it has ordered categories with equal intervals.

Ratio Scale

A scale that has a true zero point and allows for the comparison of magnitudes of the variables.

Descriptive Statistics

Summarize and organize data to describe the sample data.

Inferential Statistics

Make inferences and predictions about a population based on a sample of data.

Sampling Error

The error that occurs when a sample statistic differs from the population parameter.

Random Assignment

Randomly allocating participants to different groups in an experiment to eliminate bias.

Variables

Any characteristic, number, or quantity that can be measured or counted.