Close Reading & Annotations

Close Reading

The deliberate process of reading and re-reading a text in order to gain a deeper level of meaning.

Close Reading: Step One

Reading through the entirety of a text first to understand its literal meaning, while identifying and defining unfamiliar terms, words, and/or references within said text, then re-reading portions to clarify their use and meaning. Along with that, relevant details are highlighted and labeled, and long or confusing sentences are broken down and paraphrased to make them easier to understand.

Close Reading: Step Two

Returning to the beginning of a text and focusing attention below the surface of the text. During this process, the text's structure, word choice, style, & argument are closely analyzed, as well as why the text is how it was written, and additionally, what it reveals about the writer, the audience, and its purpose. Inferences are drawn from the text based on these observations.

Marginal Note

A note that documents observations from the text, and inferences on what it could mean.

Close Reading: Step Three

The text is finally summarized by 'zooming out' and visualizing it as a whole. A map or outline is made, composed of the main parts and core ideas shown within the text. Each part of the text is summarized into a few words or a full sentence, attempting to encapsulate the 'essence of each piece.

Annotation

The process of marking a text to visually represent its ideas, structure, and the mental process of the author as the piece is read.