Acid, Bases and Salts (Not Complete, made for MT3)

CUMistry tf am i on abt

Salt produced from: Strong Acid + Strong Base = ? with a PH level of ?

• Neutral

• PH of 7

Salt produced from: Strong Acid + Weak Base = ? with a PH level of ?

• Acidic

• PH less than 7

Salt produced from: Weak Acid + Strong Base = ? with a PH level of ?

• Alkaline

• PH more than 7

The salt formed from the combination of HCL and NaOH is called?

• NaCl (Sodium Chloride)

• Used in food type shit

What is rock salt?

• Deposits of salt with a brown color due to impurities

Brine

• NaCl (aqueous)

How did Chlor-Alkali process attain its name?

• The products formed due to the Chlor-Alkali process are:
  Chlorine
  Hydrogen
  NaOH (Alkaline)

Chlor-Alkali process equation

• 2NaCl + 2H₂O ——> 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2

From where is the Chlorine given off during the Chlor-Alkali process?

• Anode

From where is the hydrogen given off during the Chlor-Alkali process?

• Cathode

Diagram of Chlor-Alkali process. Draw and compare

Chlor-Alkali is a ____________ reaction (E)

• Electrolysis

Applications of CL2

• Water treatment

• Swimming pools

• PVC

• Disinfectants

• CFCs

• Pesticides

Applications of H2

• Fuels

• Margarine

• Ammonia

Applications of NaOH

• De-greasing metals

• Soaps and detergents

• Paper making

• Artificial fibres

Bleaching powder

• Ca(ClO)₂

Reaction for formation of Bleaching Powder

• 2Ca(OH)₂ + 2Cl₂ ——> Ca(ClO)₂ + CaCl₂ + 2H₂O​

Applications of Bleaching Powder

• For bleaching textiles

• For bleaching wood pulp in paper factories

• As on oxidising agent in many industries

• To make drinking water free from germs

Baking Soda

• NaHCO₃

Formation of Baking Soda

• NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ + NH₃ ——> NH₄Cl + NaHCO₃

What reaction occurs when Baking Soda is heated during cooking

• 2NaHCO₃ ——>(Heat) Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Uses of Baking Soda

• For making of Baking Powder

• It is also an ingredient in antacids due to its alkaline nature

• It s used in soda-acid fire extinguishers

Chemical reaction of Baking Powder when heated or mixed with water

• NaHCO₃ + H⁺ ——> CO₂ + H₂O + Sodium salt of acid

Primary application of Baking Powder

• The carbon dioxide produced during the heat/water reaction can cause bread or cake to rise making them soft and spongy

Washing Soda

• Na₂CO₃·10H₂O

How is Washing Soda obtained?

• It can be obtained by heating Baking Soda

• Re crystallisation of Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃) gives washing Soda

Applications of Washing Soda

• Used in Glass, Soap and Paper industries

• Used for manufacture of Sodium compounds such as Borax

• Used as a cleaning agent for domestic purposes

• Used for removing permanent hardness of water