Organisation and Management Lecture Notes

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering organizational structures, management functions, leadership styles, and employee relations based on the lecture notes.

Operations Department

The department responsible for making the product or providing the service, ensuring quality, ordering materials, and maintaining inventory.

Marketing Department

The department responsible for researching the market, promoting products and services, setting prices, and selling to customers.

Finance Department

The department responsible for ensuring adequate finance for day-to-day transactions and long-term investments, checking cash flows, and recording purchases and sales.

Human Resource Management

The department responsible for the effective management of the workforce, including recruitment, selection, training, and pay negotiations.

Hierarchical structure

An organisational structure with different levels of authority and a chain of command.

Organisational chart

A diagram that outlines the departmental and management structure of a business.

Level of hierarchy

Refers to managers, supervisors, or other employees who are given a similar level of responsibility in an organisation.

Directors

Senior managers who lead a particular department or division of a business.

Chain of command

The way in which authority, control, and instructions are passed down from senior management to lower levels.

Span of control

The number of subordinates working directly under a manager.

Organisational structure

Refers to the levels of hierarchy, management, and division of responsibilities within an organisation.

Delayering

The process of removing a whole level of management to make an organisational structure flatter and shorten the chain of command.

Flexible working

A system that gives employees more choice about what time they start and stop work, and where they work, to help manage work-life balance.

Flexible hours

A system where employees work at times that suit them, provided they complete the total hours stated in their contract.

Annualised hours

A contract of employment where the total number of hours an employee should work is calculated over a year.

Home working

An option where employees work from home rather than at the normal place of employment, often utilizing IT methods.

Part-time employee

Someone who works fewer hours than a full-time employee, which is often less than $35$ hours a week.

Full-time employee

Someone who usually works $35$ hours or more a week.

Planning

The management function of setting aims or targets for the future of the organisation to provide a sense of direction.

Organising

The management function of delegating tasks and arranging people and resources effectively to achieve organizational goals.

Co-ordinating

The management function of bringing together different departments and individuals to ensure they work together toward the same plans.

Commanding

The management function centered on guiding, leading, and supervising employees to ensure tasks are carried out.

Controlling

The management function of measuring and evaluating the work of individuals and groups to ensure targets and original aims are being met.

Delegation

The process of giving a subordinate the authority to perform particular tasks, although the manager retains final responsibility.

Leadership styles

The different approaches to dealing with people and making decisions when in a position of authority, such as autocratic, democratic, or laissez-faire.

Autocratic leadership

A leadership style where the manager takes all decisions, keeps information to themselves, and expects orders to be followed without question.

Democratic leadership

A leadership style that involves employees in the decision-making process through information sharing and discussion, though the leader makes the final decision.

Laissez-faire leadership

A leadership style where employees are given broad objectives and then left to make their own decisions and organize their own work.

Downsizing

Permanently reducing the number of people a business employs to make the labor force smaller.

Redundancy

When an employee loses their job because the business closes down or the specific work done by the employee is no longer needed.

Redundancy payments

Payments made to employees by the business when they are made redundant.

Trade union

A group of employees who have joined together to ensure their interests, such as pay and working conditions, are protected.

Strike

Industrial action where a trade union instructs its members not to work to put pressure on employers to meet union demands.