ID 2242-1 Dada & Surrealism
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55 Terms
Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis and a major influence on Dada and Surrealism?
Sigmund Freud
Which book by Sigmund Freud, published in 1899, influenced these movements?
The Interpretation of Dreams
What therapeutic technique did Freud use that artists adapted into "automatism"?
Free association
What is "Anti-art"?
The idea that art is destruction as well as creation
Who created the piece Gift in 1921?
Man Ray
What is the medium of Man Ray's Gift (1921)?
A flatiron with a row of tacks glued to the bottom
Who created the fur-covered cup and saucer titled Object (1936)?
Meret Oppenheim
What was the purpose of Meret Oppenheim's Object (1936)?
To create a sensory "fetish" or physical reaction through unexpected materials
What is an "exquisite corpse"?
A collaborative game where artists add to a drawing or sentence without seeing the previous parts
What is "automatism" in art?
Allowing the subconscious or random chance to dictate the creation of an image
Who is the artist most associated with the "ready-made"?
Marcel Duchamp
What is a "ready-made"?
An everyday, found object that becomes art simply by being selected and designated as such
Who created the Hat Rack in 1914?
Marcel Duchamp
Who created the Bicycle Wheel in 1913?
Marcel Duchamp
What was Duchamp's goal with the "beauty of indifference"?
To substitute the emotional beauty of an object with a neutral, non-aesthetic selection process
What is the title of the urinal submitted by Duchamp to an exhibition in 1917?
Fountain
What pseudonym did Duchamp use to sign Fountain?
R. Mutt
What does the title L.H.O.O.Q. (1919) phonetically stand for in French?
"Elle a chaud au cul"
What does "Elle a chaud au cul" translate to?
"She has a hot ass"
What did Duchamp add to a reproduction of the Mona Lisa for L.H.O.O.Q.?
A mustache and goatee
Who created Stoppages in 1914?
Marcel Duchamp
How was Stoppages (1914) created?
By dropping three one-meter threads from a height of one meter and fixing their random shapes
Who painted Tu M’ in 1918?
Marcel Duchamp
What is the full title of Duchamp's large glass piece (1923)?
The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even
What is the "Chocolate Grinder" an equivalence for in The Bride Stripped Bare?
The bachelors
Who painted The Elephant of the Celebes (1921)?
Max Ernst
Who painted Europe after the Rain (1940)?
Max Ernst
What is "frottage"?
A technique of taking rubbings from textured surfaces to generate subconscious imagery
What is "decalcomania"?
Transferring wet paint from one surface to another to create random, organic patterns
Who painted Illumined Pleasures in 1929?
Salvador Dali
Who painted The Persistence of Memory in 1931?
Salvador Dali
What is the "paranoiac-critical method"?
Dali's process of self-inducing a state of paranoia to see multiple meanings in a single image
What does "eatability" mean in Dali's work?
The desire for the "pleasure of the object" or the urge to consume a fetishized object
What are the melting clocks in The Persistence of Memory often called?
Soft watches
Who painted The Treachery of Images (1929)?
Rene Magritte
What famous text is written on The Treachery of Images?
"Ceci n'est pas une pipe" (This is not a pipe)
Why did Magritte write "This is not a pipe" under a painting of a pipe?
To show the gap between language, representation, and the actual object
Who painted Threatening Weather in 1932?
Rene Magritte
What is an "analogue" or "analogical thinking"?
Finding similarities or patterns between two unrelated objects (e.g., a cloud and a torso)
Who painted the Human Condition series (1932; 1933)?
Rene Magritte
What is the visual trick in The Human Condition?
A painting on an easel perfectly overlaps and matches the landscape behind it
Who painted The Promenades of Euclid (1955)?
Rene Magritte
What equivalence is established in The Promenades of Euclid?
An equivalence between a conical tower and a receding street
Who is the artist known for creating "mobiles"?
Alexander Calder
What is a "mobile"?
A sculpture with moving parts, often powered by air currents
What is a "stabile"?
A stationary abstract sculpture, often monumental in scale
Who created Lobster Trap and Fish Tail (1939)?
Alexander Calder
Who created the Large spider stabile in Grand Rapids, Michigan (1969)?
Alexander Calder
According to the lecture, what defines the structure of language in Dada?
It is random, changing, and dependent on context
What is "fetishism" in the context of Surrealism?
The intense desire or psychological fixation on a specific object or ima