Global Themes in Art (University of Iowa) Final

Boat of Khufu (2551-2528 BCE) Egyptian

Disassembled before it was put in the ground, but had marks so Khufu could put it back together in the afterlife.

Augustus Statue (20 CE) Roman

This statue has certain traits that make A embody the perfect ruler: Youthful body, military uniform, his gesture symbolizes power, bare feet (only divine figures were depicted with bare feet), his breastplate depicts that victory= peace and prosperity for eternity.

Tomb of the first emperor

Shi Huangdi; Chinese; 221-210 BCE

Tomb was built underground/ everything is under the pyramid. The burial place is a microcosim of the entire world.

Shi huangdi built roads, unified law code/coinage/script and standardized weights/ measurements.

Tomb of the Leopards

Tarquinia; Etruscan; 480-470 BCE

Estruscan elites adopt greek symposium to their culture and include females; more of a banquet that includes drinking.

Tomb of King Tut

Valley of the Kings; Thebes; 1323 BCE;

Chest:

Coffin of Tut:

Statues of Tut:

Khafra Statue

Egyptian; 2520- 2494 BCE

Emphasis on frontality

Horus is on the back of his head

False beard

showing off his bod

nemes headdress

Sphinx

Egyptian; 2520 BCE

faces due east towards rising sun

eternal offerings to Ra

Symbols= size, lion's body (their art often depicts them hunting lions, so his head on top of a lion's body is a THING), it was the first colossal statue.

Valley Temple of Khafra

2520-2494 BCE; Egyptian

Post and lintel construction.

The function was to ensure an afterlife that would provide sustenance to the king forever.

Pyramid of Khafra

2520-2494

Great Pyramids of Giza

2551-2475; egyptian; duh

1)boundary wall

2) pyramid for king

3) burials for queens and elites

4) mortuary temple

5)causeway

valley temple??

Statue of Hemiunu

2551-2528; How their male body ideals are different; mature, older male;

Pyramid of Khufu

Architect= Hemiunu; 2551-2528

Grand Galley: corbeling= top is as narrow as possible in the tunnel which ensures the roof won't collapse

peaked roof means nothing will collapse

serdab= sealed chamber which might symbolize the underworld?

Royal Citadel of Sargon II

Dur Sharrukin; Assyrian; 721-705 BCE

Tomb of shields and chairs

Etruscan; 600BCE

Interior mimics the house of the living

Ashurbanipal (Killing a Lion/ Dying Lioness)

Nineveh; Assyrian; 647 BCE

composite profile view

Hieratic scale (ashurbanipal would not actually be as big as the lion, but he is empahsized in this picture)

rosette bracelet

"palace reliefs celebrate king's power and relationship with the gods"

Obelisk from Heliopolis

Egypt; 595-589 CE

Augustus brought back with him and used it as gnomen for a sun dial

Death of Sarpedon Krater

Artist= euphronios; Greek; 510 BCE

used at symposiums and then in etruscan culture at feasts.

Mussolini in front of the colosseum

Italian Fascism; 1936

Symbols of secular power

1) Physically fit

2) In military costume

3) Stance

4) References to Roman Culture

5) Colosseum in the background????

He was basically copycating the roman empire and wanted to be Augustus so BAD. Like he also brought back and Obelisk from a country he annexed? (Ethiopia)

Kahili

Polynesia; 18-19th Century

Marked status, carried in processions to show royalty. Made out of thousands of feathers. Feathers= sacred.

Purse from sutton hoo ship burial

Hiberno-saxon; 625 CE

Heraldic composition= center figure is flanked by two animals

Bilateral symmetry, animal interlace, made out of bone, context= found silver/gold ingots used to make coins underneath this purse thing

Cloisonne= soddering metal strips filled with glass or stones.

Cloak and Helmet

Polynesia; 18th century CE

Detail of Taj Mahal

islamic; calligrapher = amanat khan; 1632- 1654 CE

Taj Mahal

islamic; 1632-1654

Functional as a tomb

Architectural representation for paradise in Islamic culture (4 Rivers= honey, milk,water, wine) (cyprus trees= death, fruit trees= life)

Iwan= vaulted opening w an arched doorway

Headdress of Montezuma II

Aztec; 1521 CE

quetzal feathers

function= symbolize divine power of king

materials are kingly; jade discs, gold beads

rituals done while making

sacred parts = top of head and backbone

Ahu Moai

Rapa Nui/ Polynesia; 15th Century CE

Angkor Wat

Khmer Empire; 1130 CE

Bilateral symmetry

symbolizes mount Meru which is where the hindu deities reside

concentric walled enclosures

central pyramid (secret shaft below ground where the king was buried)

Kneeling attendants

921-945 CE; Khmer Empire

Taken and then returned to cambodia

Lady Xoc's vision and her preparing jaguar for war

Maya; 724 CE

Both are lintels at structure 23

Shield Jaguar and lady xoc

Maya; 723 CE

Body modification

Corn silk hair = maize god

Scarification on face= eloquent speech

Thorned rope through tongue= sacrifice to the gods(the more painful the better)

More important goes on right side.

Janaab' Pakal

683 CE; Maya

death mask ideals: filed teeth=glyph for wind , crossed eyes for sun god, nose piece= maize god. made of jade

Temple of Inscriptions

Maya; 683 CE

post and lintel construction

tombs usually aren't in temples but janaab' pakal was buried here

Passageway=

Crypt=

Sutton Hoo ship burial

Hiberno-Saxon; 625 CE

Obelisk King of Askum

4th Century Ce; Ethiopia

mussolini brought this back and used it as a symbol of military power

Peanut Necklace

Moche; 300 CE

Costume from the royal tomb of Sipan

moche; 300 CE

Wall paintings in the house of the Vetti

Roman; 79 CE

All myths on these walls were GREEK not roman. Retribution/ punishment for wrongdoing. Pentheus (dressed up as a woman and was torn apart bc they thought he was a deer. dionysus made all the women go mad when pentheus banned people from follow dionysus as a god).

Triclinium at pompeii (Estate of Julia Felix)

Roman; 79 CE

Dining room

9 guests; arranged in order of importance

Had slaves at the top pouring water down

Imperial triclinium @ sperlonga

Roman; 47 CE

Plan of ideal roman house

Roman, duh, ; no date

Altar of Augustan Peace

Important symbol of Augustus' reign over Roman empire. Mother earth panel shows how bountiful he made Rome/showed his contributions to society

Terracotta Warriors

Chinese

Emphasis on frontality

Function= to last forever

closed position, bilateral symmetry

They're different from Egyptian because they are fully designed (all around) and have clothing.

They were not meant to be seen as individuals because they were made from several different molds.

The marks that number the soldiers can relate to the marks on Khufu's boat that direct correct assembly

Oseberg Ship Burial

Viking; 825 CE

Possible queen Ase. Two females found. 2 functions= sea vessel and burial

It was looted. Chests, tapestries, 2 looms.

Ship mimics sea monster

Bow and stern have animal interlace/ style and heraldic composition.

animal interlace on the bow

Lamassu

from durr sharukin;assyrian;721-705 BCE

apotropaic entrances= stone guardians;

cuneiform;