Korean Form Practice 21

비가 오는 듯하다

It seems as though it is raining (form implies that there is some evidence that a statement is true and that there is an inference being made to its validity. Translated as a way to say “it seems” as though something is the case.)

노동자가 그 무거운 짐을 거뜬히 들어 올린 듯했어요

The worker seemed to lift the heavy load effortlessly

해가 지고 사람들도 떠나는 것을 보니 곧 폐장할 듯해요

Seeing the sun set and people leaving, it seems like it will close soon

그 학생은 책임을 교묘히 회피하는 듯한 말투를 사용했어요

That student used a tone that seemed to skillfully evade responsibility

선생님은 희귀한 고대 원서인 듯한 책을 소중히 다루었어요

The teacher handled the book carefully, as if it were a rare original edition

우리는 밥을 사 먹을 돈조차 없었어요

We didn’t even have money to buy food (form emphasizes the severity or extent of a situation. form highlights something very basic, obvious, or minimal and makes the situation being described dire or extreme.)

저는 서 있기조차 못했어요

I couldn’t even stand

너무 피곤해서 밥을 먹기조차 힘들어요.

I’m so tired that it’s hard to even eat.

그는 너무 바빠서 가족에게 전화하기조차 못했어요.

He was so busy that he couldn’t even call his family.

충격이 너무 커서 말하기조차 어려웠어요.

The shock was so great that it was difficult to even speak.

원작을 감상해 본 적조차 없이 리메이크를 비판했어요

He criticized the remake without even having appreciating the original work

그 아저씨의 괴팍한 성격 때문에 친구조차 다 떨어져 나갔어요

Because of that man’s bad temper, even his friends drifted away

~(이)나마

form has nuance that indicates that one has accepted a situation despite it not being perfectly satisfactory. goes on nouns and adverbs only

물이나마 마셔요

At least drink some water

학생답게나마 행동하려고 노력했어요

I tried to at least behave like a student should

꽃은 시들었지만 줄기나마 살아 있어서 다행이에요

The flower wilted, but thankfully the stem was still alive

그의 노심초사하는 표정을 보고서 진심이나마 그의 마음을 알게 되었어요

After seeing his anxious expression I at least realized his sincerity

잃어버린 개에게 임자가 있을지 몰라도 따뜻한 말이나마 건네주고 싶었어요

The lost dog might have an owner, but I wanted to at least say something kind

그 남자는 친절한데다가 성실하기까지 해요

That man is not only kind but also sincere. (form implies that the speaker is piling one piece of information onto another. In doing so, the clause after adds weight to the first one. The second fact often makes the first situation more impactful.)

이번 시험은 지원자가 많은데다가 경쟁도 치열해요

This exam not only has many applicants but also has fierce competition

그 선수는 실력이 뛰어난데다가 술수까지 잘 부려요

That player is not only skilled but also good at tricks

그 학생은 앞뒤를 가리지도 않고 일을 벌리는 데다가 책임도 지지 않아요

That student not only fails to consider the consequences, but also doesn’t take responsibility

그는 언론의 비난을 받고 있는 데다가 동료들의 신뢰도 잃었어요

He not only faces criticism from the press but also lost his colleagues’ trust.