Midterm 2: Psych345 Social Psychology

Which of the following statements below represents a cognitive component of an attitude regarding ChatGPT.

ChatGPT sometimes has an incorrect answer based on how it generates responses from its sources.

Which of the following would NOT be a factor for Alder’s affectively based attitude on the movie, Lilo and Stitch (the original one that came out in 2002)?

The plot for Lilo and Stitch is about a Hawaiian girl named Lilo who adopts an alien “dog” named Stitch.

How does the IAT measure participants’ implicit attitudes and not their explicit attitudes?

Participants have to match pictures to positive and negative words as fast as they can, meaning that they don’t have time to use their explicit attitudes to make a decision.

What is the IAT measures?

Implicit Association Test: a psychological tool measuring unconscious bias

Cole is asked about his opinion of TikTok. He says, “I want to say that I don’t like it, but I’m not sure. I do use it a lot, but I do wonder how much it has impacted how I view people and myself.” In this scenario, what kind of attitude is Cole expressing towards TikTok?

Explicit

Implicit vs. Explicit Attitudes

• Explicit attitudes are:

  • conscious

  • deliberate evaluations we can easily report,

• Implicit attitudes are:

  • unconscious

  • automatic reactions formed by past experiences

Which of the following scenarios will your implicit attitudes, primed schemas, and/or other more present thoughts MOST likely influence your behavior?

If your professor only gives you a 3 second to decide who to work with on a group project

As you are rushing to class, a student suddenly shoves a camera in your face and quickly asks you, “What is your opinion on how UW president Robert J. Jones is doing?” If you immediately respond, what is your response MOST likely based off of?

Whatever attitudes that you can easily think of and is currently salient to you

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a moderator for the elaboration likelihood model and whether we would take the central or peripheral route?

The mood we are in

Hank Green, a YouTuber known for educational content and communicating science, does a sponsorship for a mental health app. Your friend buys the app because they think Hank is a really smart guy, and they trust his opinion. Your friend is basing their choice of this app on the __________.

Peripheral route of persuasion

In general, the elaboration likelihood model explains the conditions under which someone will…

be influenced by what a persuasive message says, and when one will be influenced by superficial cues.

Which ad slogan for a car would be more effective in Seoul, South Korea than in Chicago, Illinois?

“Comfort for you family”

Peer pressure tends to be so effective because it generally utilizes…

emotional appeals

Your best friend has just begun smoking. You are concerned for her health and decide to have a talk with her and try to persuade her to stop smoking. What is the best way for you to approach this conversation?

Provide just enough details of the dangers of smoking to get her attention, and then provide her with information about a smoking helpline and a smoking support group

Dane grew up in Seattle, where he occasionally talked to people from the South with Southern accents, but never really thought of it. Then, Dane visited Alabama, where he was approached by two men with strong Southern accents who wielded switchblades, beat him up, broke his arm, and stole all his money. Ever since Dane was mugged, he developed an automatic dislike of anyone who speaks with a strong, Southern accent, even if they are super nice. Dane’s negative attitude toward Southern accents is most probably a result of __________.

Which of the following behaviors MOST likely comes from an implicit attitude and LESS likely to come from an explicit attitude?

Rhonda experiencing a brief discomfort when she sees her ex-friends from high school, but doesn't realize it

Your friend is deciding whether to visit New York for summer break. According to the theory of planned behavior, which of the following pieces of information would be the LEAST useful in figuring out whether your friend will actually go to New York?

Your friend’s attitude about New York as a state

A commercial comes on for Alka Seltzer, an antacid tablet to help with upset stomachs and indigestion. Rachel has been having stomach problems lately, so she’s both motivated and able to pay attention to the commercial. Therefore, she is more likely to use the __________ route to persuasion.

central

Rebecca wants to use fear-arousing communication to urge people to boycott a store. She plans to educate others on the negative impact this store has on the local community, such as engaging in union-busting, exploiting the environment, donating to unpopular organizations, etc. What else should Rebecca do to influence others to boycott this store?

Add a concrete plan of action that listeners can do to help, in addition to boycotting

Insufficient Punishment

punishment not large enough to explain why you’re not doing a certain behavior.

• self-persuade and devalue forbidden behavior

Terror Management Theory

Specific form of cognitive dissonance about wanting to love and make life meaningful, even though will die some day snd very small in the grams scheme of the universe/history

Ben Franklin vs. Reciprocity Norms

ben franklin

Moderators for social influences

What is the relationships between group cohesiveness and diversity

groups that are less diverse tend to be more cohesive

You and a group of five other people work at a post office, and today you all have to address and mail out 1,000 envelopes. Research on _____ suggests that it would be better to give each person 200 envelopes to address alone, whereas research on ____ suggests it would be better to have everyone work on the task together in the same room.

Social loafing and social facilitation

Which of the following best describes the definition of cognitive dissonance?

The discomfort you experience when two beliefs or attitudes are conflicting with one another.

Leon is offered 2 jobs: one in Raccoon city (farther away from his home) and one closer to home. He ends up taking the job in Raccoon city and as a result, no longer has the option of living peacefully closer to home. What is he LEAST likely to do to reduce feelings of regret or dissonance over this decision?

Tell himself that the job he took will be more stressful because now he has to deal with a bunch of troublesome tasks.

Who of the following is demonstrating a justification of effort?

Jessica, who spent a lot of money on a game, but the game turns out not reaching her expectations, but still she tells everyone around her that this is her game of the year.

In the “borking task” study, participations were more likely to believe that the task wasn’t really boring if….

They lied and said it wasn’t boring in the $1 condition.

Which of the following is demonstrating the Benjamin Franklin effect?

Agnes helps Hans carry their stuff to their lab, and then Agnes finds she feels more favorably toward Hans than she did previously.

Dinner has started but you still want to chat with your best friend! Your parents dislikes you playing with your phone on the dinner table, but only gives you a verbal warning rather than a harsh punishment, such as taking your phone away. Later, you found out you don’t feel like using the phone like you previously did. Which concept best explains your change in attitude.

Insufficient punishment - the mild consequence led you to internally justify avoiding the behavior.

Lindsay strongly opposes mandatory school uniforms. but for a class assignment she is asked to give a speech arguing that school uniforms improve discipline and reduce distractions. After giving the speech, Lindsay finds herself to feel that maybe school uniform is not that bad for her school discipline. This situation is an example of:

Counterattitudinal Advocacy

Counterattitudinal Advocacy

A cognitive dissonance phenomenon where individuals change their attitudes to align with a publicly stated opinion that contradicts their true beliefs.

• by voluntarily arguing their own views people experience mental discomfort that prompts attitude change to reduce inconsistency