art final

Medium

A particular material such as paint, stone, ink, clay, wood etc. along with its

accompanying technique formed with skill.

Art

When a medium is used in such a way that the object contributes to our understanding or

enjoyment of life.

Spiritual Component

People throughout history have fashioned beautiful objects to aid in

prayer, worship, and ceremony.

Iconography

Is the symbolic meaning of signs, subjects, and images.

Format

Refers to the size and shape, such as a piece of paper 81/2”x11”, canvas, or video

screen.

Fresco -

Is an ancient wall painting technique that uses a lime-plaster surface

Cartoon

A full size drawing use in painting a fresco.

Print

A multiple work of art, a series of nearly identical pieces, usually printed on paper.

Relief Print

The artist cuts away all parts of the printing surface not meant to carry ink.

Woodcut

Editions are limited to a couple of hundred because the edges of the print begin to

break off due to repeated pressure.

Intaglio

The image to be printed is cut or scratched or etched into a metal surface.

Silkscreen

This printing lends itself to poster, wallpaper, and tee shirt production.

Masterpiece

Some degree of innovation, important cultural meanings, and a recognizable

personal statement are key ingredients

Muse

The spirit believed to inspire and watch over poets, musicians, and artists.

Greeks

People that came to regard humankind as the highest creation of nature. The closest

thing to perfection in physical form.

Classical Art

In this type of art, the figure is in the prime of life, and blemish-free. It is not a

portrait but the vision of the ideal.

Parthenon

This building was built as a gift to Athena, goddess of wisdom, and prudent

warfare.

Athens

This city-state was the artistic and philosophical center of Greek civilization.

Renaissance

This word means “Rebirth”, the period of revived interest in the art and ideas of

classical Greece and Rome.

Italy

This country was the principal homeland of the Renaissance.

Golden Section

A ratio of 1:1.618 this harmony and proportion can be found in the Pyramids,

the Parthenon, the Sistine Chapel ceiling, and nature's forms

Fibonacci Sequence

0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55... and so on. A series of numbers where a

number is found by adding up the two numbers before it.

The Nude

During the Italian Renaissance this became a major subject for art. As it had been in

Greece and Rome.

Leonardo da Viinci

This artist believed that art and science are two means to the same end:

knowledge.

Michelangelo -

This artist was raised by a stone cutter and his wife. This is how he learned to

use a hammer and chisel.

David

This biblical hero was an important symbol of freedom from tyranny for the city of

Florence, Italy.

The Sistine Chapel

The most admired composition on the ceiling of this building is the

portrayal of “The Creation of Adam”.

The School of Athens -

In this painting, Raphael organized the complex composition around the

central figures of Plato and Aristotle.

Oath of the Horatii

In this painting three brothers pledge to take the swords offered by their

father. Ready to die for liberty.

Academic Art

unimaginative paintings that followed stale formulas laid down by the French

Academy.

Salon

The huge annual painting exhibition held by the French Academy.

Impressionism

A group of painters who took their canvases outdoors to paint “impressions” of

what the eye actually sees.

A Sunday on La Grande Jatte -

This painting by Georges Seurat is done in the style known as

Pointillism.

The Starry Night

This painting is one of Vincent van Gogh's best, known paintings and has

powerful symbolic images.

Toulouse - Lautrec

This artist painted Parisian nightclubs and brothels. One of his most

famous works “At the Moulin Rouge”, shows the Parisian nightlife.

Henri Matisse

This artist was a leader in the art movement known as Fauvism or “Wild

Beast”.

Guernica -

This painting by Pablo Picasso is a statement of protest, against the brutality of war.

Diego Rivera -

This artist painted the fresco “The Liberation of the Peon” this is a good

example of the Mexican Revolution.

Harlem Renaissance

This art movement included poets, musicians, and novelists along with

visual artists, who looked to their own cultural heritage and expressed themselves through

African based styles.

Jackson Pollock

This artist was the leading innovator of Abstract Expressionism. He dripped,

poured, and flung paint which led to the term action painting.

Tessellation

When a shape is repeated, over, and over again without gaps or overlaps and goes

on forever.

Muslim

This word is Arabic for “one who submits to God”

Calligraphy

The art of writing the words of the Koran, the sacred text of Islam.

Alhambra

The Royal palace and fort built by the Moors, the Muslim rulers in Granada, Spain.

This building inspired the work of M.C. Escher.

Counterculture

1964-1972 a time when youth rejected the cultural standards of their parents of

the 1950's. Racial segregation, the Vietnam war, sexual mores, women's rights, and materialism.

British Invasion

A cultural phenomenon of the mid-1960's, when rock and pop music by

groups like The Beatles, and the Rolling Stones, became popular in the United States.

Op Art

This art employs abstract patterns with stark contrast of foreground and background,

used to excite the eye and produce a sense of movement.

Bridget Riley

This English painter born in Norwood, London who was one of the foremost Op

Art artists.

Figure - Ground

A relationship that puts the foreground and background in a tense and

contradictory juxtaposition.

The Responsive Eye

An Op Art exhibition held in 1965 at the Museum of Modern Art in New

York city.