EXPH 161 Exam 2

A displaced tibial fracture can result in permanent loss of function of the foot and ankle due to

Possible damage to the artery and nerves that run through the anterior compartment

A grade I lateral (inversion) ankle sprain typically indicates damage to which ligament

anterior talofibular

A physically active adult is complaining of moderate pain and swelling in their ankle following a 2 mile run at 9am this morning (it is now 11am). The person states that she “rolled her ankle” while stepping off of a curb. Which of the following immediate care plans would be the best recommendation for management of this condition?

rest, apply ice and take Advil

what is the appropriate treatment for an acute hamstring contusion that occurred less than 24 hours ago

ice, compression wrap, followed by stretching

which one of the following best describes the signs and symptoms of anterior compartment

swelling, decreased blood flow and numbness in the web space between the 1st and second toes

a football player goes to tackle an opponent, resulting in his foot and ankle being forced into dorsiflexion, eversion and lateral rotation of the foot. He has pain above the ankle mortise and is limping. Which one of the following injuries is most Riley to occur form this mechanism

syndesmotic (high) ankle sprain

A bunion is usually associated with a bone growth on:

the first metatarsal phalangeal joint

is a term that describes the positioning of a pet plants foot:

pronation

a patient/client has an avulsion fracture of the distal lateral malleous. Which is the MOST likely mechanism of injury.

Inversion

A collection of blood and swelling that accumulates under the toe or fingernail is called a

subungual hematoma

which one of the following is the proper treatment for a person with an acute Achilles tendon strain

ice, gentle stretching, and application of a heel lift pad

which mechanism is most likely to produce a spiral fracture to a tibia

rotational force

which of the following best describes a second-degree Achilles’ tendon strain

partial tearing of tendon fibers, swelling, decreased loss of function

which one of the following forces likely resulted in a sprain to the lateral ankle ligaments

tension

a non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury is most likely to occur when an athlete is:

decelerating from a jump

an avascular necrosis of the femoral head seen in children 4 to 10 years of age is called:

legg-calve-perthes disease

the muscle that a main stabilizer for patellar tracking is the:

vastus medialis

which of the following is a characteristic of grade I medial collateral ligament sprain

the joint is stable during valgus stress tests

which of the following refers to a softening and deterioration of the articular cartilage on the back of the patella

chondromalacia patella

which of the following refers to an overuse condition commonly occurring in runners and cyclists who have genuinely vacuum and pronated feet

illiotibial band syndrome

which of the following statements is true of patellar tendinopathy or Jumper’s knee

it usually develops in athletes from mechanical overloading of the tendon with activities that require rapid acceleration-deceleration

a valgus force applied to the knee with most commonly results in injury to the:

medial collateral ligament

sciatic nerve dysfunction symptoms can result commonly from a muscle spasm of which of the following

piriformis

what is the appropriate treatment for an acute hamstring contusion that occurred less than 24 hours ago

ice, compression wrap, followed by stretching

which one of the following conditions is a form of apophysitis that results in pain and swelling at the patella

Larson-Johannson Disease

After sustaining a displaced femoral fracture, injury to which anatomical structure could result in a possible life threatening/catastrophic injury

femoral artery

which of the following describes the result of improper care of a thigh contusion leading to incomplete absorption of the hematoma, which later produces tissue formation similar to cartilage or bone

myositis ossificans traumatica

a dancer begins to experience medial knee pain during a performance. he completes the performance and describes that he felt a sharp pain when landing on his right leg and felt his knee “buckle”. He pinpoints the pain to the medial joint line, but you observe moderate swelling over both the medial and lateral aspects of the anterior knee. You ask him to perform PROM for both knee flexion and extension and his range of motion in. both directions is limited due to swelling. He also experiences pain and “clicking” when he transitions from flexion to extension. He feels additional pain when he is bearing weight on his right leg. Which ONE of the following injuries has most likely occurred?

medial meniscus tear

a dancer begins to experience medial knee pain during a performance. he completes the performance and describes that he felt a sharp pain when landing on his right leg and felt his knee “buckle”. He pinpoints the pain to the medial joint line, but you observe moderate swelling over both the medial and lateral aspects of the anterior knee. You ask him to perform PROM for both knee flexion and extension and his range of motion in. both directions is limited due to swelling. He also experiences pain and “clicking” when he transitions from flexion to extension. He feels additional pain when he is bearing weight on his right leg. what recommendations would you make for the immediate care of this athlete?

cold pack for 20 minutes

compression wrap

crutches, partial weight bearing that is pain free

elevation of the limb

refer to medical doctor for evaluation

medial collateral ligament sprains result most often from

adduction and internal rotation

Q angles that exceed __ degrees are considered excessive and could lead to a pathological condition associated with improper patellar tracking in the femoral groove

20

a 10 year old child just fell onto an outstretched hand. You observe the development of immediate swelling and he is in a lot of pain. He is also experiencing loss of sensation into his 4th and 5th fingers. You suspect the child may have an elbow fracture. which should you refer her to?

EMS for transport to the hospital emergency department

a student-athlete falls forward on an outstretched hand. they felt a pop and immediate pain. They are holding the arm close to their chest and are unable to move their shoulder. You observe the shoulder and see that the deltoid muscle appears flattened and there is a deformity at the top of the humerus. What injury has most likely occurred

posterior glenohumeral joint dislocation

if a person falls towards their side on his outstretched hand and complains of pain and has a deformity at the lateral (distal) aspect of the clavicle. Which one of the following injuries has most likely occurred?

acromioclavicular joint sprain

impingement of the shoulder can result from inflammation to the

Both A & C - Long head of the biceps tendon and supraspinatus

what is the primary function of the rotator cuff muscles

stabilize the humeral head into the glenoid fossa

what nerve roots form the brachial plexus

C5-T1

which one of the following is NOT part of the rotator cuff

biceps tendon

most elbow dislocations result in the ulna and radius dislocating:

posteriorly

severe point tenderness in the anatomical “snuffbox” may indicate a fracture of which bone?

scaphoid

the most common shoulder direction for the shoulder to displace is in the __ direction

anterior

which of the following structures plays a primary role in maintaining elbow stability against valgus torque

the ulnar collateral ligament

medial epicondylitis

little league elbow

Tommy John injury

injury to the ulnar collateral ligament

tennis elbow

lateral epicondylitis

colles fracture

injury to the distal radius

boxer’s fracture

injury to 5th metacarpal

which of the following motions typically results in an anterior glenohumeral shoulder dislocations?

external rotation and horizontal abduction

which of the following structures are injured when a patient/client sustains a Grade 3 AC joint sprain

acromioclavicular and coricoclavicular

which one of the following is an injury at the medial elbow that most often results from overuse on overhead throwing or hitting sports

ulnar collateral ligament sprain

which one of the following is a common mechanism for a fracture to the radial head in children

falling on an outstretched hand

if an athlete came into the athletic training room stating that they think their appendix ruptured, where would their pain be located

lower right quadrant

injury to what organ is indicated by pain referred to the left shoulder, also known as Kehr’s sign

spleen

the spleen is located on the left side of the body, partially under which ribs?

9 through 11

what is known as an accumulation of air in the pleural cavity

pneumothorax

what is the function of the intervertebral discs

to increase the total ROM available to the spinal column

to serve as shock absorbers of longitudinal forces

to serve as shock absorbers of rotational forces

all of the above

what is the point that is located one-third of the way between the right anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and a patient’s navel that when tender can indicate the possibility of appendicitis

McBurney’s point

which mechanism is most likely to produce a catastrophic injury

flexion of C-spine with axial load

which of the lateral and anterior portions of ribs are the most commonly fractured

ribs 5 through 9

a condition in which the pleural cavity becomes filled with air that has entered through an opening in the chest is called

pneumothorax

a protrusion of the abdominal viscera through a portion of the abdominal wall is called a

hernia

a twisting of the spermatic cord may present the characteristic of

appearance of a cluster of swollen veins with a dragging feeling in the scrotum

abdominal rigidity and pain at the McBurney’s point may indicate

appendicitis

in response to an athlete that was tackled during a football game, the athletic trainer assessed his condition as a solar plexus injury. what is the INITIAL on field management

encourage the athlete to relax and regulate his breathing

loosen restricting equipment and clothing

getting the “wind knocked out” of yours characteristic of a:

blow to the solar plexus

hematuria is an athlete participating in contact or collision sports is a sign or symptom of

a kidney contusion

one of the most common mechanisms of the typical low back strain is

sudden extension with trunk rotation

which of the following conditions predisposes an athlete to injuries of the spleen

mononucleosis

which of the following is a sign of cervical neck fracture

cervical pain

cervical muscle spasm

neck point tenderness

which of the following results in cardiac arrest due to a blunt traumatic impact to the chest

commotio cordis

which of the following postures is characterized by an increased curve in the lumbar spine

lordosis

Which of the following is the bursa that commonly becomes inflamed from the overuse of the patellar tendon

the deep infrapatellar bursa

which of the following is caused by improper care of a thing contusion, leading to ectopic bone formation within the quadriceps muscle

myositis ossificans

what is the most common mechanism of injury for a patellar dislocation

the foot is planted and the knee is in valgus

which of the following is a cause of chondromalacia patella

abnormal patellar movement

the tearing away of a body part from its point of attachment is known as an

avulsion

which if the following is most often the cause of injury to the medial collateral ligament

medially directed valgus force from the lateral side of the knee

Which of the following types of shoulder dislocations is most likely to occur?

an anterior dislocation

In general, the hamstring muscles should have about __________ percent of the strength of the quadriceps muscles.

60 to 70

The quadricep muscles' primary job is to

extend the knee

Which of the following is the most often inflamed bursa of the shoulder joint?

the subacromial bursa

When is the anterior cruciate ligament most often injured?

during deceleration with the knee in valgus and the tibia internally rotated

Which of the following structures have the responsibility of cushioning the knee during impact activity?

menisci

Which of the following is most often the cause of shoulder impingement?

repetitive overhead activities

A(n) _____ ankle sprain is most common ankle sprain and often results in injury to the lateral ligaments.

inversion

which nerve can become dislocated because of cubitus valgus of the elbow

ulnar

Which of the following movements at the knee joint is produced by the biceps femoris muscle of the hamstring muscle group?

external tibial rotation

Which of the following involves a mechanical compression of the supraspinatus tendon, the subacromial bursa, and the long head of the biceps tendon, all of which are located under the coracoacromial arch?

shoulder impingement

Which of the following muscles allows for internal rotation of the tibia?

the popliteus

Grade 3 inversion ankle sprains are often associated with what trauma?

total rupture of lateral ligaments

Which of the following injuries results in jamming of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint and avulsion of the extensor tendon from its insertion on the distal phalanx along with a piece of bone?

a mallet finger

which of the following mechanisms leads to lateral epicondylitis

repetitive forceful extension of the wrist

which of the following is true of a Colles’ fracture

it involves the distal end of the radius

after a first time patellar dislocation, the athlete’s knee is commonly immobilized in extension for a minimum of how many weeks

four

which type of brace can be used for patellar tendinopathy

a tenodesis strap

which of the following is most likely to injure the medial meniscus

a valgus force with rotation

which structure is most likely damaged when an athlete complains of paresthesia in the fourth and fifth fingers

the ulnar nerve

If an athlete steps into a hole and the ankle is forced into dorsiflexion, which ligament is usually involved?

the anterior tibiofibular

Which of the following does the anterior cruciate ligament prevent?

the femur sliding backward when the knee is extended, as during weight bearing