ap huge review flashcards

Reference Map

Provides an idea of specific places

Thematic Map

Map that shows data in a geographical view

Clustering

Pattern that shows data clumped together in groups

Dispersal

A pattern within the data that shows significant space in between

Map projection

Placing the spherical map onto a flat surface

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Technology used to capture, store, and analyze spatial and geographical data

Global Positioning System (GPS)

With the use of multiple satellites or devices, it can determine precise location and distances

Remote sensing

The use of planes or satellites to collect data from a distance to understand geographical features and data

Landscape Analysis

Study of physical and cultural regions to understand human and environmental interactions, development, and patterns

Census Data

Official data on population and housing used to understand patterns and plan for the government

Absolute location

Precise location of earth, identified by address or longitude and latitude

Relative location

The general area or vicinity of a place related to other places or features

Space

Any physical area defined by a location and distance between objects

Place

A specific location on earth with unique features and characteristics

Distance decay

As the distance between two locations increases, the interactions decrease

Time-space compression

New technology and innovations make it easier to communicate and transport between places which makes the world more connected

Environmental determinism

A theory the states that physical environment directly effects

Possibilism

The theory that physical environment presents humans with a variety of possibilities and limitations, but, innovations and actions determine how things are overcome

Formal Region

An area defined by a shared detail like language, political system, or environment

Functional Region

An area that revolves around a central focal point or node that distributes outward

Vernacular Region

An area that is perceived subjectively rather that described geographically or scientifically

Arithmetic density

Concentration of people in one land are

People/land=A

Physiological Density

The amount of people within arable land

People/arable land=P

Agricultural density

The amount of farmers within arable land

Farmers/arable land=A

Carrying capacity

The total amount of people that a community can safely maintain and sustain

Population Pyramid

A pyramid (or other shape) that shows the distribution of the population based on age and gender

Demographic

Data that shows population depending on gender, race, ethnicity, etc.

Migration

To move to a new location

Natural Increase Rate (NIR OR RNI)

Difference between birth and death rates the shows how quickly a country is increasing naturally, excluding immigrants

Population doubling time

The amount of years it will take to completely double the existing population

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

Model that shows different stages that depend on birth and death rates, that consequently effect the total population

Epidemiological transition

A model that shows the shift in the patterns of illness in the sense of chronic and communicable

Malthusian Theory

Population is growing at a exponential rate while food is growing at a linear rate

Pronatalist theories

Policies that attempt to raise population and birth rates

Antinatalist policies

Policies that attempt to reduce birth rates and consequently reduce the population

Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration

The stereotype for long term migration is that males and individuals are most prominent

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Total births per 1000 people

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Total deaths per 1000 people

Life expectancy

The assumed amount of years a population can live for

Dependency Ratio

The amount of non-working age population compared to the amount of working age population

Push factors

Factors that cause someone to move away

Pull factors

Factors that attract immigrants

Intervening Opportunities

Attractive factors that cause an immigrant to stop along the way of their voyage

Intervening obstacles

Unattractive factors that cause someone to be forced to stop their migration

Forced Migration

Involuntary movement caused by factors outside one’s control