Speech final

Communication

the process sharing information using symbols

Interpersonal Communication

Communication between two or more people who are talking and affecting each other

encoding

the process of tuning ideas and feelings into verbal and non verbal symbols

decoding

finding the meaning of verbal and non verbal symbols

interference

anything that gets in the way of a message from being understood correctly

Physical noise

any sounds that prevent a person from being heard

psychological noise

thoughts and feelings that distract

semantic noise

words that trigger negative feelings about the speaker

nonverbal language

using gestures and expressions to communicate

dialect

pronunciation ex. pop/soda or pillow/pellow

jargon

words for a specific group

slang

now terms that are used frequently

paralanguage

sound of your voice

articulation

how clearly and accurately a person forms and speaksp

pronounciation

the way things are spoken or sound

pitch

highness or low less of the sound of you make

inflection

that change in pitch while speaking to show emotion

volume

how loud a person talks

rate

how fast or slow a person speaks

quality

the overall sound of a persons voice

omitting sounds

leaving out sounds when speaking such as saying “libary” instead of “library”

transposing sounds

switching the order of sounds in a word like “aks” instead of “ask”

adding sounds

putting extra sounds in a word like “athalete” instead of “athlete”

substituting sounds

replacing one sound with another like “wabbit” instead of “rabbit”

gestures

movements of the hands, arms, and sometimes head that emphasize or replace words

posture

how you sit or stand and the way you angle your body toward or away from others

eye behavior

how you use your eyes:eye contact, staring, looking away

intimate space

0-18 inches

personal space

18 inches to 4 feet

social space

4 feet to 12 feet

public space

12 feet and beyond

prupose

the overall goal you want to achieve with your speech

general purpose

the broad category you want to achieve with your speech

specific purpose

a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what you hope to accomplish

thesis statement

a one sentence statement that sums up the main point or big idea of the speech

audience

specific group of people you are speaking to

demographic data

measure able characteristics of your audience such as age, gender, grade level

occasion

the context or setting of the speech including the time, place, and why

expert opinion

a testimony or quote from someone who is recognized authority in a specific field

example

a specific instance used to illustrate or represent a general group of people, ideas, or conditions

illustration

an extended example often narrative or story used to clarify a point or make it more vivid

anecdotes

short, often amusing or interesting stories about a real incident or person used to grab attention and build a connection

statistics

numerical data used to show the magnitude of seriousness

comparison

highlighting the similarities between two or more things

figurative comparison

a metaphor or simile that compares two essentially unlike things to create a more vivid picture

literal comparison

a comparison between two things that are actually similar

contrast

highlighting the differences between two or more things`

quotation

repeating the exact words of a another person to provide evidence

description

using sensory details to paint a picture for the audience

verbal communication

use of language or words to convey a message

nonverbal communication

conveying a message with use of words

channels

the sensory route on which a message travels

message

core information or idea that one person want to share with another

feedback

the verbal and nonverbal messages that a receiver sends back to the source

Propaganda

information or ideas spread to persuade people to believe or support something often using emotions instead of facts

Logical Fallacies

Errors in reasoning that weaken an argument or make it misleading

Loaded Words

Words with strong emotional meaning used to influence people

transfer

a propaganda technique that connects something positive with something negative with a person product or idea to influence

Red Herring

Distracting the audience form the main issue by bringing up an unrelated topic

Repetition

Repeating a message or phrase over and over so people remember it

Testimonial

when a famous person or respected figure supports a product idea or cause to persuade others

Bandwagon

A technique that encourages people to do something because everyone else is doing it

Plain Folk

A speaker tried to appear as an ordinary relatable person to gain trust from the audience

Name Calling

using insulting or negative labels to attack a person or idea instead of giving real evidence

Circular Reasoning

when an argument repeats the same idea as proof instead of giving real evidence

Glittering Generalities

Using vague but positive words like freedom or justice ot make something sound good without details

Argument

a statement or claim supported by reasons and evidence to persuade someone