1A - introduction to research

empirical evidence

information obtained through direct and systematic observation and experimentation

non-science

ideas form without empirical evidence or the use of scientific methods or principles

pseudoscience

beliefs, theories and practices that are mistakenly regarded as, or claim to be scientific, but are not because they do not use the the methods of science

theory

proposition or set of principles that is used to explain something or make predictions about relationships between concepts

model

representation of a concept, process or behaviour, often made to simplify or make something easier to understand

hypothesis

I - independent and dependent variables

P - population And

D - direction

controlled experiment

casual relationship between two variables is tested in a controlled environment

• effect of IV on DV is tested while aiming to control all other variables