British History and Culture to the Victorian Age

These flashcards cover key concepts, events, and figures in British history leading up to the Victorian Age.

What periods of British history preceded the Victorian Age?

The periods include Prehistory and Roman Britain, the Middle Ages, the Tudor Era, the Stuart Era, and the Eighteenth Century.

What significant event in British history occurred in 1066?

The Battle of Hastings, where William, Duke of Normandy, conquered Britain.

What was the Magna Carta and when was it established?

The Magna Carta, established in 1215, was one of the most influential legal documents that established the principle that everyone, including the king, was subject to the law.

What major conflict was fought over the throne of France between 1337-1453?

The Hundred Years’ War.

What were the main houses involved in the Wars of the Roses?

The House of Lancaster (red rose) and the House of York (white rose).

How did Henry VIII impact the Church of England?

He declared himself the head of the Church of England in 1534 and dissolved the monasteries, nationalizing their wealth.

Who is known as Bloody Mary and what was her intention?

Queen Mary I, who attempted to restore Roman Catholicism in England and executed many Protestants.

What is the significance of the Elizabethan Era?

It is known as a golden age in English history, marked by the Renaissance and the popularity of public theatres.

What marked the beginning of the Union of the Crowns in 1603?

The accession of James I, who was already King of Scots, as King of England and Ireland.

What was the outcome of the English Civil War (1642-1651)?

Parliamentarian victory, the execution of King Charles I, and the establishment of the Commonwealth of England.

What was the Glorious Revolution of 1688?

A bloodless coup where James II was removed from power and replaced by William of Orange, leading to the establishment of constitutional monarchy.

What did the Act of Union of 1707 accomplish?

It joined the Scottish and English Parliaments, creating the Kingdom of Great Britain.

What major events occurred during the reign of George III (1760-1820)?

The Seven Years’ War, the American War of Independence, and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.