History Test 2

Election of 1860

The presidential election held in 1860, characterized by the division within the Democratic Party and the nomination of Abraham Lincoln as the Republican candidate.

Democratic National Convention

The convention held by the Democratic Party in 1860, where they were unable to agree on a candidate due to divisions between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions.

Stephen Douglas

The leading nominee at the Democratic National Convention in 1860, but did not have a majority of support.

2nd Democratic National Convention

The second Democratic National Convention held in 1860 in Maryland, a moderate slave state, in an attempt to show compromise between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions.

John C Breckinridge

The candidate nominated by the pro-slavery southern Democrats at the 2nd DNC in 1860, in opposition to Stephen Douglas.

Republican National Convention

The convention held by the Republican Party in 1860, where Abraham Lincoln was nominated as their candidate.

Abraham Lincoln

Republican candidate who won the presidential election of 1860.

Secession

The act of states leaving the Union, which began with South Carolina's vote to secede after Lincoln's election.

Fort Sumter

A military island off the coast of South Carolina, which was fired upon and destroyed by the Confederates, marking the start of the Civil War.

Border States

States that remained in the Union but allowed slavery, such as Maryland, which Lincoln considered crucial to hold onto in order to prevent Washington DC from being surrounded by the Confederacy.

Emancipation Proclamation

A declaration issued by Lincoln during the Civil War, declaring that slaves in Confederate territory were to be recognized as free people.

Writ of Habeas Corpus

A legal protection against unlawful detention, which Lincoln suspended in order to prevent Maryland legislators from voting for secession.

Blockade

The naval blockade imposed by the Union on the South during the Civil War, aimed at preventing exports and imports.

Battle of Antietam

A battle fought during the Civil War, where the North successfully repelled the Southern attempt to invade the North.

Gettysburg Address

A speech delivered by Lincoln at the dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery, emphasizing the importance of equality and the preservation of the Union.

Reconstruction

The period following the Civil War, during which the United States sought to rebuild and reintegrate the Southern states.

Freedmen

Former slaves who were granted freedom after the Civil War.

Carpetbaggers

Northerners who moved to the South after the war, often with the intention of profiting from the region's reconstruction.

Scalawags

Southerners who supported the Republican Party during Reconstruction, often seen as traitors by their fellow Southerners.

Transcontinental Railroad

The railroad that spanned the continent, connecting the East and West coasts of the United States.

Concentration

The policy of forcing Native American tribes to live on designated reservations, rather than allowing them to maintain their nomadic lifestyles.

Sand Creek Massacre

An incident in which a group of Americans killed a number of Native Americans in a dispute over land.