Hormone Control Systems etc

Ovary

Female gonad located in the pelvic cavity, about the size of an almond, the ovum is largest cell in the human body

Ova

Female Gamete

Fallopian Tubes

oviduct or uterine tube, 4 in long and is not attached to the ovaries

Passageway for the ova to travel to the uterus every month

Ovary

prduces ova and female hormones

Uterus

Hollow pear-shaped thick-walled muscular organ

located posterior to the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum

Endometrum- Inner lining of the uterus

Myometrium- Muscular layer of the uterus

Perimetrium- Visceral Peitom layer around the uterus

Expand to hold the growing fetus

Cervix

Lower end of the uterus on tap of the vagina and is about 1 in in length

Allows for flow of menstrual blood to exit, allows for sperm to enter

Vagina

Also called the birth canal 10cm long smooth muscle lined with a mucous membrane

Menstural flow

serves as a passageway for a baby during the birth process

Hymen

external opening of the vagina that may be covered by a perforated membrane

External Genitalia

Vulva

Cliroris- Erectile tissue

Labia- Folds of skin surrounding the vagina

Labia- majora- outter fatty folds

Labia- minora- inner folds

Perineum-area between vagina and rectum

PROTECTION

Mammary Glands (breasts)

contains granular and adipose tissue

Areola- darkened area that surrounds the nipple

Nipple- center of breast

Menstrual Cycle

First Cycle in females is referred to as menarche

Follicle Stage

10 days

FSH releases

Ovum release

estrogen and preparation of uterine lining released

Ovulation Stage

Pituitary Stope producing FSH, produces LH (ovulation)

Pregnancy can happen

Corpus Luteum Stage (Luteal Phase)

progesterone is secreted and if the egg is fertilized, the hormone will continue to be secreted

further ovulation is prevened

last 14 days

Menstruation Stage

Period

6 days

progesterone stops

no fertilization

Conception

when sperm travels to vaginal canal

Pregnancy

sperm and egg join to form a fertilized egg and 3-4 days later egg implants itself in the lining of the uterus

Menopause

45-55, could happend with removal of ovaries oophorectomy

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Infection of the reproductive organs including the uterus, fallopian tubes and cervix

chlamydia or gonorrhea

scarring of the fallopian tubes

antibiotics and pain medications

Toxic Shock Syndrome

overgrowth of staphylococcus aureus bacteria in a woman’s body

affects menstruation women and usually those that use super absorbent tampons

hypotension, high fever, vomiting and respiratory distress

Cervical Cancer

Change in cells in the cervix

caused by sexual transmission with Human Papillomavirus (Hpv)

slowing growing detected by pap smears

surgery and radiation

Endometriosis

endometrial tissue grows in other places outside of the uterus leaving no way for lining to leave the body

severe cramps, heavy menstruation, pain during or after intercourse

birth control

removal of tissue

Yeast Infections

overgrowth of candida in the vaginal area

environment of vagina become less acidic and is often after use of antibiotics

antifungal creams or ointments and possibly oral medications

Menstural Cycle disorders

Amenorrhea is the absence or mensturation, missing at least three menstrual periods in a row

dysmenorrhhea

Premenstural syndrome

Symptoms of headaches, bloating and mood changes one to two week before mensturtion

craving and acne

changes in hormone levels

Breast Cancer

can occur in men

self breast exams

breast lump, change in size or appearance of breast

Mastitis

infection of milk glands

breast tenderess and warmth, pain during breast feeding, general ilness with fever