social cognitive theory

What is the Premack Principle?

The idea that the opportunity to engage in a "more valued" (more likely) activity can serve as a reinforcer for engaging in a "less valued" (less likely) activity.

Describe the four Schedules of Reinforcement

1. Fixed Interval (FI): Reinforcement after a specific, consistent time period.

2. Variable Interval (VI): Reinforcement after varying time periods.

3. Fixed Ratio (FR): Reinforcement after a specific, consistent number of correct responses.

4. Variable Ratio (VR): Reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses.

What is Bandura’s Triadic Reciprocal Determinism?

The theory that human functioning is the result of a dynamic, three-way interaction between:

1. Personal factors (e.g., beliefs, expectations).

2. Behavioral factors.

3. Environmental factors.

What is the difference between Enactive and Vicarious learning?

• Enactive Learning: Learning by doing and experiencing the consequences of your own actions.

• Vicarious Learning: Learning by observing others (models) perform a behavior and seeing the consequences they face.

Name the four processes involved in Modeling.

1. Attention: Noticing the model’s behavior.

2. Retention: Remembering what the model did.

3. Production: Converting the memory into action.

4. Motivation: Having a reason to perform the behavior.

What is Self-Efficacy and how does it differ from Self-Concept?

• Self-Efficacy: One's belief in their specific capability to perform a task or achieve a goal.

• Self-Concept: A more general, collective self-perception (e.g., "I am a good student").

What is Mastery Learning?

A systematic instructional plan where students progress at their own rates, moving forward only after they have reached a predefined level of "mastery" for the current unit.

What is a Contingency Contract?

A formal agreement between a teacher and student that specifies the work to be accomplished and the expected reward or outcome for successful performance

Define Self-Regulated Learning (SRL)

The process by which learners activate and sustain thoughts, behaviors, and emotions that are systematically oriented toward the attainment of their learning goals.