Chap 2 Geneomes

chrom/a/tin

DNA that forms chromosomes during cell division

chrom/o/some

The body in the cell nucleus that carries the genes

chrom/o/som/al

Pertaining to a chromosome

de/oxy/ribo/nucle/ic acid (DNA)

The chemical repository of hereditary characteristics

epi/gen/etics

The study of disorders produced by the effects of chemical compounds (e.g., pollutants) or environmental influences (such as diet) on genes

gene

The functional unit of heredity on a chromosome

gen/etic

Pertaining to genetics

gen/ome

A complete set of chromosomes

helix

A spiral of nucleotides in the structure of DNA

heredity

The transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring

heredit/ary

Transmissible from parent to offspring

hist/one

A simple protein found in the cell nucleus

kary/o/type

The chromosome characteristics of an individual cell

mitosis

Cell division to create two identical cells, each with 46 chromosomes

mutation

A permanent alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the genome

nucle/o/tide

Combination of a DNA base, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate molecule

phen/o/type

Manifestation of a genome

replicate

To produce an exact copy