WSU BIO 1501 Chapter 10: Protists

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Last updated 6:14 AM on 4/19/26

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40 Terms

1

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Protists

- Eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi.

- Can be single-celled, multicellular, or colonial

- Wide range of feeding methods, movement, and reproduction

- Not a monophyletic group

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi.</p><p>- Can be single-celled, multicellular, or colonial</p><p>- Wide range of feeding methods, movement, and reproduction</p><p>- Not a monophyletic group</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

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Monophyletic Group

A group of organisms that consists of a single common ancestor and all of its descendants

2 multiple choice options

3

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What are the 6 supergroups in Eukarya

- Excavata

- Chromaveolata

- Rhizaria

- Archeplastida

- Amoebazoa

- Opisthokonta

2 multiple choice options

4

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Unicellular

Consists of a single cell, within which all life processes necessary for survival

3 multiple choice options

<p>Consists of a single cell, within which all life processes necessary for survival</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

5

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Multicellular

A living being that is made up of more than one cell, with these cells typically organized into specialized tissues, organs, and organ systems

3 multiple choice options

<p>A living being that is made up of more than one cell, with these cells typically organized into specialized tissues, organs, and organ systems</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

6

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Colonial

Genetically identical cells that live together in close association, often for mutual benefit, but retain individual function

3 multiple choice options

<p>Genetically identical cells that live together in close association, often for mutual benefit, but retain individual function</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

7

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What species is this, and what is its body plan?

Amoeba, single celled

3 multiple choice options

<p>Amoeba, single celled</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

8

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What species is this, and what is its body plan?

Diatom(s), single celled

3 multiple choice options

<p>Diatom(s), single celled</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

9

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What species is this, and what is its body plan?

Slime Molds, colonial

3 multiple choice options

<p>Slime Molds, colonial</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

10

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What species is this, and what is its body plan?

Volvox, colonial

3 multiple choice options

<p>Volvox, colonial</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

11

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What species is this, and what is its body plan?

Red Algae, multicellular

3 multiple choice options

<p>Red Algae, multicellular</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

12

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Plant-Like Protists

- Commonly known as algae

- Contain chloroplasts

- Are autotrophic (photosynthetic)

- Lack specialized tissues and organ systems

- They are important in marine and aquatic environments food chains

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Commonly known as algae</p><p>- Contain chloroplasts</p><p>- Are autotrophic (photosynthetic)</p><p>- Lack specialized tissues and organ systems</p><p>- They are important in marine and aquatic environments food chains</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

13

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Fungi-Like Protists

- Heterotrophs that feed on decaying matter (detritivores)

- Reproduce via spores

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Heterotrophs that feed on decaying matter (detritivores)</p><p>- Reproduce via spores</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

14

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Animal-Like Protists

- Commonly known as Protozoa

- Are heterotrophic

- Consume other organic matter

- Usually motile with appendages to help movement

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Commonly known as Protozoa</p><p>- Are heterotrophic</p><p>- Consume other organic matter</p><p>- Usually motile with appendages to help movement</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

15

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Volvox

- Phylum Chlorophyta

- Asexual reproduction

- Colonial Body Plan

- Motile via flagellum

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Phylum Chlorophyta</p><p>- Asexual reproduction</p><p>- Colonial Body Plan</p><p>- Motile via flagellum</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

16

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Spirogyra

- Ladder-like

- Sexual reproduction via conjugation

- Multicellular

- Not motile

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Ladder-like</p><p>- Sexual reproduction via conjugation</p><p>- Multicellular</p><p>- Not motile</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

17

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Conjugation

Genetic transfer between bacteria through physical contact

3 multiple choice options

<p>Genetic transfer between bacteria through physical contact</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

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Diatoms

- Phylum Bacillariophyta

- Single celled body plan

- Photosynthetic

- Silica in test (shell)

- Not motile

- Asexual reproduction by binary fission

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Phylum Bacillariophyta</p><p>- Single celled body plan</p><p>- Photosynthetic</p><p>- Silica in test (shell)</p><p>- Not motile</p><p>- Asexual reproduction by binary fission</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

19

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Phylum Rhodophyta

- Commonly known as Red Algae

- Plant like

- Phycoerythrin pigment for photosynthesis

- Multicellular or colonial

- Not motile, only gametes are

- Alternation of generation life cycle

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Commonly known as Red Algae</p><p>- Plant like</p><p>- Phycoerythrin pigment for photosynthesis</p><p>- Multicellular or colonial</p><p>- Not motile, only gametes are</p><p>- Alternation of generation life cycle</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

20

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Euglena

- Phylum Euglenophyta

- Single celled body plan

- Mixotrophic, photosynthetic and ingestion

- Flexible pellicle coating

- Motile via a flagella

- Light-sensitive eyespot

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Phylum Euglenophyta</p><p>- Single celled body plan</p><p>- Mixotrophic, photosynthetic and ingestion</p><p>- Flexible pellicle coating</p><p>- Motile via a flagella</p><p>- Light-sensitive eyespot</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

21

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Phylum Myxomycota

- Fungus like

- Plasmodial

- Cytoplasmic/protoplasmic streaming

- Reproduction via spores and fruiting bodies

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Fungus like</p><p>- Plasmodial</p><p>- Cytoplasmic/protoplasmic streaming</p><p>- Reproduction via spores and fruiting bodies</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

22

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Plasmodial

Multinucleated cell (supercell), lack of cell membranes between nucleus, and is mobile

3 multiple choice options

<p>Multinucleated cell (supercell), lack of cell membranes between nucleus, and is mobile</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

23

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Amoeba

- Phylum Rhizopoda

- Single cell body plan

- Phagocytosis (Food particles)

- Psuedopodia (Fake feet for movement)

- Cytoplasmic streaming

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Phylum Rhizopoda</p><p>- Single cell body plan</p><p>- Phagocytosis (Food particles)</p><p>- Psuedopodia (Fake feet for movement)</p><p>- Cytoplasmic streaming</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

24

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Forams

- Look like sea shells

- Phylum Foraminifera

- Unicellular

- Calcium carbonate in test (shell)

- Psuedopodia extend out for feeding

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Look like sea shells</p><p>- Phylum Foraminifera</p><p>- Unicellular</p><p>- Calcium carbonate in test (shell)</p><p>- Psuedopodia extend out for feeding</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

25

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Trypanosoma

- Pathogenic diseases

- Unicellular

- Flagellum, motile

- Zooflagillate

- African Sleeping Disease, and Chagas Disease

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Pathogenic diseases</p><p>- Unicellular</p><p>- Flagellum, motile</p><p>- Zooflagillate</p><p>- African Sleeping Disease, and Chagas Disease</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

26

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Trichomonas Vaginalis

- Zooflagillate

- Parasite

- Flagellum, motile

- Common STI, humans are only known host

3 multiple choice options

27

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Zooflagillate

Any heterotrophic, animal-like protist that possesses one or more flagella for movement

3 multiple choice options

28

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Ciliates

- Phylum Ciliophora

- Many different shapes

- Known for motile appendages called cilia

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Phylum Ciliophora</p><p>- Many different shapes</p><p>- Known for motile appendages called cilia</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

29

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Paramecium

- Phylum Ciliophora

- Unicellular

- Heterotrophic

- Reproduc via binary fission

- Conjugation during reproduction

- Cilia for movement and feeding

- Long oval shape

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Phylum Ciliophora</p><p>- Unicellular</p><p>- Heterotrophic</p><p>- Reproduc via binary fission</p><p>- Conjugation during reproduction</p><p>- Cilia for movement and feeding</p><p>- Long oval shape</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

30

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Phylum Apicomplexa

- Single-celled

- Parasite

- Intracellular (Inside host)

- Causes malaria

- Non-motile

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Single-celled</p><p>- Parasite</p><p>- Intracellular (Inside host)</p><p>- Causes malaria</p><p>- Non-motile</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

31

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Toxoplasma Gondii

- Unicellular

- Intracellular (Inside host)

- Parasite

- Reproduces sexually in cat intestines

- Harmful to human fetuses

3 multiple choice options

<p>- Unicellular</p><p>- Intracellular (Inside host)</p><p>- Parasite</p><p>- Reproduces sexually in cat intestines</p><p>- Harmful to human fetuses</p><p>3 multiple choice options</p>

32

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Which of the following characteristics is common to all protists?

They are eukaryotic

3 multiple choice options

33

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Euglena is an example of a mixotroph. What does this mean?

It can switch between photosynthesis (autotrophy) and consuming other organisms (heterotrophy)

3 multiple choice options

34

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To which group of protists do the large, multicellular seaweeds and kelps belong?

Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)

3 multiple choice options

35

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Which specialized structure do amoebas use for movement and feeding?

Pseudopodia

3 multiple choice options

36

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The intricate, glass-like cell walls of diatoms are made primarily of which substance?

Silica

3 multiple choice options

37

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The protist responsible for causing malaria in humans is a non-motile parasite belonging to what genus?

Plasmodium

3 multiple choice options

38

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What is the primary difference in cell wall composition between fungus-like protists (like water molds) and true fungi?

Fungus-like protists use cellulose; true fungi use chitin

3 multiple choice options

39

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The process of cytoplasmic streaming in large protists and plant cells serves what primary purpose?

To rapidly distribute nutrients, waste products, and organelles throughout the cell

3 multiple choice options

40

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Volvox is studied as a model organism because its hollow, spherical colonies show early signs of?

Cell specialization (division of labor)

3 multiple choice options