unit 4 combo

The appearance of this rash is characteristic of infections with which of the following?

• dengue virus

• Epstein-Barr virus

• Francisella tularensis

• Yersinia pestis

• Borrelia burgdorferi

• Borrelia burgdorferi

Which of the following is a symptom of brucellosis?

relapsing fever

undulant fever

jaundice

pneumonia

gastroenteritis

undulant fever

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

 

rheumatic fever– Streptococcus pyogenes

 

puerperal sepsis – Staphylococcus aureus

 

Burkitt's lymphoma – Epstein-Barr virus

 

acute bacterial endocarditis – Staphylococcus aureus

 

subacute bacterial endocarditis – alpha-hemolytic streptococci

puerperal sepsis – Staphylococcus aureus

Which of the following statements about puerperal sepsis is FALSE?

It is caused by health care personnel.

Its frequency of occurrence has decreased because of antibiotics and aseptic techniques.

It is transmitted from mother to fetus.

It begins as a focal infection.

It is a complication of abortion or childbirth.

It is transmitted from mother to fetus.

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

 

Rocky Mountain spotted fever – Dermacentor (tick)

 

dengue – Aedes (mosquito)

 

encephalitis – Ixodes (tick)

 

epidemic typhus – Pediculus (louse)

 

malaria – Anopheles (mosquito)

encephalitis – Ixodes (tick)

Which of the following is NOT a recognized form of anthrax?

gastrointestinal

cutaneous

septic

inhalationial

None of the answers are correct; all of these are recognized forms of anthrax.

septic

Which one of the following is responsible for epidemics of respiratory disease in infants?

 

rhinovirus

 

Mycoplasma

 

respiratory syncytial virus

 

influenza

 

adenovirus

respiratory syncytial virus

Exposure to large accumulations of bird dropping may result in which of the following mycoses?

 

Pneumocystis pneumonia

 

valley fever

 

histoplasmosis

 

blastomycosis

 

coccidioidomycosis

histoplasmosis

The DTaP vaccine protects against which of the following respiratory diseases?

pneumonia

tuberculosis

the common cold

pertussis

anthrax

pertussis

All of the following can lead to a positive tuberculin skin test EXCEPT

current tuberculosis infection.

being near someone with tuberculosis.

vaccination.

previous tuberculosis infection.

immunity to tuberculosis.

being near someone with tuberculosis.

Microscopic examination of a lung biopsy shows spherules. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

 

Mycobacterium

 

Blastomyces

 

Pneumocystis

 

Coccidioides

 

Histoplasma

Coccidioides

The virulence factor of Vibrio cholera, which is primarily responsible for the signs and symptoms of cholera, is

 

its activation of certain genes within the human body.

 

the presence of polar flagella.

 

its ability to survive in freshwater.

 

its ability to form biofilms in saltwater.

 

its ability to produce a potent exotoxin.

its ability to produce a potent exotoxin.

Which one of the following diseases of the gastrointestinal system is transmitted by the respiratory route?

 

Vibrio gastroenteritis

 

traveler's diarrhea

 

mumps

 

staphylococcal enterotoxicosis

 

bacillary dysentery

mumps

Which of the following is the major sign or symptom of mumps?

deafness

diarrhea

difficulty in breathing

parotitis

nausea and vomiting

parotitis

The digestive tract is essentially one long tube. The order of the structures, beginning with the mouth, is

esophagus, pharynx, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

esophagus, stomach, pharynx, small intestine, large intestine.

pharynx, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine.

pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine.

pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

What member of the human intestinal microbiota occasionally causes life-threatening disease?

 

Giardia intestinalis

 

Salmonella enterica

 

Clostridium difficile

 

Escherichia coli O157:H7

 

Lactobacillus

Clostridium difficile

In the United States, approximately how many people over the age of 30 are infected with HSV-2?

5-10%

90%

approximately 75%

approximately 25%

1-3%

approximately 25%

Which of the following is caused by an opportunistic pathogen?

trichomoniasis

genital herpes

chancroid

gonorrhea

candidiasis

candidiasis

A 25-year-old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Which one of the following causative agents is most likely to cause these symptoms?

 

Candida

 

Nesseria

 

HSV-2

 

HPV

 

Treponema

Treponema

One form of NGU is lymphogranuloma venereum caused by

 

Chlamydia trachomatis.

 

Candida albicans.

 

Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

 

Leptospira interrogans.

 

Treponema pallidum.

Chlamydia trachomatis.

Which one of the following genera of microorganisms causes gonorrhea?

 

Mycoplasma

 

Neisseria

 

Ureaplasma

 

Chlamydia

 

None of the answers is correct; all of these cause gonorrhea.

Neisseria

Which of the following statements about puerperal sepsis is FALSE?

• It is caused by health care personnel.

• Its frequency of occurrence has decreased because of antibiotics and aseptic techniques.

• It is transmitted from mother to fetus.

• It begins as a focal infection.

• It is a complication of abortion or childbirth.

• It is transmitted from mother to fetus.

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is associated with

• Neisseria meningitidis.

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

• Staphylococcus aureus.

• Streptococcus pyogenes.

• both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.

• both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.

Which of the following is NOT caused by a bacterium?

• epidemic typhus

• plague

• malaria

• tickborne typhus

• relapsing fever

• malaria

Which of the following is evidence that the arthritis afflicting children in Lyme, Connecticut, was due to bacterial infection?

• not contagious

• accompanied by a rash

• affected mostly children

• transmitted by ticks

• treatable with penicillin

• treatable with penicillin

Members of the group A streptococci (GAS) cause all of the following EXCEPT

• scarlet fever.

• rheumatic fever.

• epiglottitis.

• pharyngitis.

• strep throat.

• epiglottitis.

Microscopic examination of a lung biopsy shows spherules. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

• Mycobacterium

• Blastomyces

• Pneumocystis

• Coccidioides

• Histoplasma

Coccidioides

Which one of the following produces small "fried-egg colonies on medium containing horse serum and yeast extract?

• Legionella

• Mycobacterium

• Mycoplasma

• Chlamydophila

• Streptococcus

• Mycoplasma

The patient is suffocating because of the accumulation of dead tissue and fibrin in her throat. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

• Corynebacterium

• Mycobacterium

• Haemophilus

• Bordetella

• The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

• Corynebacterium

Which one of the following is responsible for epidemics of respiratory disease in infants?

• rhinovirus.

• Mycoplasma

• respiratory syncytial virus

• influenza

• adenovirus

• respiratory syncytial virus

The digestive tract is essentially one long tube. The order of the structures, beginning with the mouth, is

• esophagus, pharynx, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

• esophagus, stomach, pharynx, small intestine, large intestine.

• pharynx, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine.

• pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

• pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine.

• pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

Which is true of the Mumps virus?

• Male sterility occurs in 40% of infections.

• It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route.

• A component vaccine is part of the MMR.

• It typically begins with symptoms of gastroenteritis.

• The portal of entry is the respiratory route.

• The portal of entry is the respiratory route.

Which one of the following diseases of the gastrointestinal system is transmitted by the respiratory route?

• Vibrio gastroenteritis

• traveler's diarrhea

• mumps

• staphylococcal enterotoxicosis

• bacillary dysentery

• mumps

Which of the following is the major sign or symptom of mumps?

• deafness

• diarrhea

• difficulty in breathing

• parotitis

• nausea and vomiting

• parotitis

Intermediate hosts become infested with tapeworms through ingestion of

• tapeworm eggs.

• mature tapeworms.

• gravid proglottids.

• tapeworm larvae.

• cysticerci.

• tapeworm eggs.

Most nosocomial infections of the urinary tract are caused by

• Pseudomonas.

• Enterococcus.

• Escherichia coli.

• Proteus.

• Klebsiella.

• Escherichia coli.

Which one of the following pairs is mismatched?

• gonorrhea - gram-negative cocci

• chancroid - gram-negative rod

• trichomoniasis - fungus

• syphilis - gram-negative spirochete

• Gardnerella - clue cells

• trichomoniasis - fungus

In the United States, approximately how many people over the age of 30 are infected with HSV-2?

• 5-10%

• 90%

• approximately 75%

• approximately 25%

• 1-3%

• approximately 25%

A 25-year-old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Diagnosis was based on serological testing.

The patient then reported that he had an ulcer on his penis two months earlier. What stage of disease is the patient in?

• secondary

• tertiary

• primary

• NGU

• secondary

Normal microbiota of the adult vagina consists primarily of

• Streptococcus.

• Candida.

• Neisseria.

• Lactobacillus.

• Mycobacterium.

• Lactobacillus.

Unsanitary and crowded conditions increase the incidence of all of the following diseases EXCEPT:

-endemic murine typhus

- plague, epidemic typhus

- Rocky Mountain spotted fever

- relapsing fever

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Which of the following is a symptom of brucellosis?

- relapsing fever

- undulant fever

- jaundice

- pneumonia

- gastroenteritis

undulant fever

Which of the following statements about toxoplasmosis is FALSE?

- It can be congenital

- It is caused by a protozoan

- It is transmitted by the gastrointestinal route

- The reservoir is cats

- It typically is a severe illness in adults

It typically is a severe illness in adults

Which of the following is NOT a bacterial pathogen transmitted by the bite of an animal?

- Pasteurella multocida

- Bartonella henselae

- Plasmodium vivax

- Streptobacillus

- None of the answers is correct

Plasmodium vivax

Which disease is currently vaccine-preventable in humans? - Lyme disease

- yellow fever

- malaria

- schistosomiasis

- plague

yellow fever

Which of the following is an opportunistic pathogen commonly present in the nasal cavity as a member of the microbiota?

- Legionella pneumophilia

- Veillonella species

- Bordetella pertussis

- Staphylococcus aureus

- Pneumocystis jiroveci

Staphylococcus aureus

Which one of the following produces small “fried-egg” colonies on medium containing horse serum and yeast extract?

- Legionella

- Mycobacterium

- Mycoplasma

- Chlamydophila

- Streptococcus

Mycoplasma

Microscopic examination of a lung biopsy shows spherules. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

- Mycobacterium

- Blastomyces

- Pneumocystis

- Coccidioides

- Histoplasma

Coccidioides

Which of the following Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factors kills leukocytes and erythrocytes?

- streptokinases

- hyaluronic acid capsule

- C5a peptidase

- pyrogenic toxins

- streptolysins

streptolysins

A patient has a paroxysmal cough and mucus accumulation. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

- Corynebacterium

- Mycobacterium

- Bordetella

- Mycoplasma

- Burkholderia

Bordetella

The digestive tract is essentially one long tube. The order of the structures, beginning with the mouth, is

- esophagus, pharynx, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

- esophagus, stomach, pharynx, small intestine, large intestine

- pharynx, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine

- pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

- pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine

pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

What member of the human intestinal microbiota occasionally causes life-threatening disease?

- Giardia intestinalis

- Salmonella enterica

- Clostridium difficile

- Escherichia coli O157:H7

- Lactobacillus

Clostridium difficile

Which of the following statements is TRUE with regard to oral herpes?

- Lesions become more severe with each recurrence

- Ninety percent caused by HHV-2

- There is an effective cure

- Lesions can be triggered by stress or physiologic changes

- Primary infections are usually severe

Lesions can be triggered by stress or physiologic changes

Which of the following is directly involved in the initiation of dental caries?

- lactic acid

- sucrose

- dentin

- lysozyme

- crevicular fluid

lactic acid

The most common cause of traveler’s diarrhea is

- Giardia lamblia

- Campylobacter jejuni

- Salmonella enterica

- Escherichia coli

- Shigella spp

Escherichia coli

A 25-year-old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. He had a penile ulcer 2 months earlier. What stage is he in?

- secondary

- tertiary

- primary

- NGU

secondary

The causative agent of chancroid is

- HPV

- Treponema pallidum

- Neisseria gonorrhoeae

- HSV-2

- Haemophilus ducreyi

Haemophilus ducreyi

Which STI may be confused with syphilis due to genital ulcer formation?

- candidiasis

- chancroid (soft chancre)

- nongonococcal urethritis

- leptospirosis

- gonorrhea

chancroid (soft chancre)

In the United States, approximately how many people over age 30 are infected with HSV-2?

- 5–10%

- 90%

- approximately 75%

- approximately 25%

- 1–3%

approximately 25%

Normal microbiota of the adult vagina consists primarily of

- Streptococcus

- Candida

- Neisseria

- Lactobacillus

- Mycobacterium

Lactobacillus

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

puerperal sepsis - Staphylococcus aureus

Which of the following is characteristic of Yersinia pestis infections?

buboes

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is associated with

both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes

A characteristic symptom of plague is

swollen lymph nodes

Human-to-human transmission of plague is usually by

the respiratory route

Which of the following is part of the upper respiratory system?

pharynx

A patient has a paroxysmal cough and mucus accumulation. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

Bordetella

The DTaP vaccine protects against which of the following respiratory diseases?

pertussis

Members of the group A streptococci (GAS) cause all of the following EXCEPT

epiglottitis

Which one of the following produces small "fried-egg" colonies on medium containing horse serum and yeast extract?

Mycoplasma

Bacterial intoxications differ from bacterial infections of the digestive system in that intoxications

have shorter incubation times

Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea is usually preceded by

extended use of antibiotics

What is a Dane particle?

the infectious virion that causes HBV

Gums bleeding while brushing one's teeth is most commonly associated with

gingivitis

Which of the following pertains to typhoid fever?

Causative microorganism multiplies in patient phagocytes

The causative agent of chancroid is

Haemophilus ducreyi

Cystitis is most often caused by

Escherichia coli

Which one of the following genera of microorganisms causes gonorrhea?

Neisseria

Which one of the following is caused by Chlamydia?

lymphogranuloma venereum

Normal microbiota of the adult vagina consists primarily of

Lactobacillus

Epstein-Barr virus infections are typically asymptomatic in ____ because of incomplete development of adaptive immunity.

- Adults

- the elderly

- young children

- AIDS patients

- adolescents

young children

Which of the following is NOT controlled by a mosquito eradication program?

- chikungunya fever

- malaria

- yellow fever

- schistosomiasis

- dengue fever

schistosomiasis

Which of the following is NOT a zoonosis?

- puerperal sepsis

- tularemia

- anthrax

- Hantavirus infection

- brucellosis

puerperal sepsis

You advise your pregnant friend to not adopt a new kitten from her neighbor because she could contract

- infectious mononucleosis.

- plague.

- toxoplasmosis.

- Burkitt's Lymphoma.

- listeriosis.

toxoplasmosis

A large number of people in an African village become ill a couple of weeks after sharing a feast of stew made from the meat of jungle animals. They initially have fever, headache and fatigue, and develop petechiae. Most then experience bloody diarrhea and vomiting, and a few days later begin bleeding from the mouth and eyes. What is the most likely preliminary diagnosis?

- ebola hemorrhagic fever

- yellow fever

- dengue hemorrhagic fever

- malaria

- African trypanosomiasis

ebola hemorrhagic fever

All of the following are classified as fungi EXCEPT

- Coccidioides.

- Pneumocystis.

- Mycobacterium.

- Histoplasma.

- Blastomyces.

Mycobacterium

Which of the following is an opportunistic pathogen commonly present in the nasal cavity as a member of the microbiota?

- Legionella pneumophilia

- Veillonella species

- Bordetella pertussis

- Staphylococcus aureus

- Pneumocystis jiroveci

Staphylococcus aureus

Group A streptococci produce _____ which breaks down blood clots, allowing the bacteria to spread.

- streptokinase

- pyrogenic toxins

- M proteins

- C5a peptidase

- a hyaluronic acid capsule

streptokinase

A patient has a paroxysmal cough and mucus accumulation. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

- Corynebacterium

- Mycobacterium

- Bordetella

- Mycoplasma

- Burkholderia

Bordetella

Which one of the following is responsible for epidemics of respiratory disease in infants?

- rhinovirus

- Mycoplasma

- respiratory syncytial virus

- influenza

- adenovirus

respiratory syncytial virus

Most of the normal microbiota of the digestive system are found in the

- stomach.

- mouth.

- accessory structures.

- small intestine and large intestine.

- stomach and small intestine.

small intestine and large intestine

Chronic infection with ___ may progress to hepatic cancer.

- HCV

- HEV

- HBV

- HAV

- both HBV and HCV

both HBV and HCV

The most common cause of traveler's diarrhea is

- Giardia lamblia.

- Campylobacter jejuni.

- Salmonella enterica.

- Escherichia coli.

- Shigella spp.

Escherichia coli

Which one of the following diseases of the gastrointestinal system is transmitted by the respiratory route?

- Vibrio gastroenteritis

- traveler's diarrhea

- mumps

- staphylococcal enterotoxicosis

- bacillary dysentery

mumps

What is a Dane particle?

- the filamentous particles that cause HAV

- the chlorine-resistant virus that causes HAV

- the infectious virion that causes HBV

- the spherical particles found in serum of patients with HBV

- another name for an HBV surface antigen

the infectious virion that causes HBV

Normal microbiota of the adult vagina consists primarily of

- Streptococcus.

- Candida.

- Neisseria.

- Lactobacillus.

- Mycobacterium.

Lactobacillus

Cystitis is most often caused by

- Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

- Escherichia coli.

- Leptospira interrogans.

- Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

- Candida albicans.

Escherichia coli

Which of the following is caused by an opportunistic pathogen?

- trichomoniasis

- genital herpes

- chancroid

- gonorrhea

- candidiasis

candidiasis

Which one of the following is a STI that may be confused with syphilis due to its ulcer formation on the genitalia?

- candidiasis

- chancroid (soft chancre)

- nongonococcal urethritis

- leptospirosis

- gonorrhea

chancroid (soft chancre)

In the United States, approximately how many people over the age of 30 are infected with HSV-2?

- 5-10%

- 90%

- approximately 75%

- approximately 25%

- 1-3%

approximately 25%