end of years Y8

What historic event resulted in people having to ‘make do and mend’.

World War II

What does the sustainability of a product depend on?

1. Carbon footprint

2. The processes

3. The materials

4. The design

The 6 R’s

• Recycle

• Reuse

• Reduce

• Rethink

• Repair

• Refuse

Recycle

To take an existing product that has become waste and reprocess the material to use in a new product

Reuse

Take an existing product that has become waste and reuse the material or parts for another purpose, WITHOUT processing

Reduce

The amount of material used, the energy used to make it, or the distance it travels to be sold

Rethink

Considering sustainability and if the product is necessary

Repair

Fix or mend it rather than throwing it away

Refuse

Don’t use a material or buy a product if you don’t need it or don’t think it’s sustainable

How are fibres processed into yarns?

By spinning

How are yarns processed into fabric?

Yarns can be woven or knitted into fabric

Which way does the weft go?

Horizontally

Which way does the warp go?

Vertically

Where do pattern pieces need to be placed and why?

On the straight grain of the fabric, in the direction of the warp threads - this makes the fabric pieces strong, stable, and easy to sew.

When cutting out, why is it important to be as economical as possible?

• costs more if you waste fabric

• Not to waste resources - better for the environment

Bobbin

The plastic reel of thread that goes in the bottom of the sewing machine

Why is the seam allowance important?

It gives strength to the seam

3 categories of textile materials

Natural, synthetic, and regenerated

Petrochemicals: finite vs non-finite

finite

Metals: finite vs non-finite

Finite

Trees: finite vs non-finite

Non-finite

Plants: finite vs non-finite

Non-finite

Animals: finite vs non-finite

Non-finite

Cotton

• non finite

• Fibres from bolls of cotton plants are spin into yarn

• Biodegradeable

• Uses large quantities of water, chemicals and pesticides

Wool

• non finite

• sustainable because wool fibres come from animals and plants, which can reproduce and therefore the source of fibres continue to be available and sustainable

Silk

• natural raw fibre sourced from the cocoon of the larvae of a silkworm.

• sustainable

• not ethical - killing silkworms and labour exploitations

Recycled polyester

Made by melting down existing plastic and re-spinning it into new polyester fibre.

Why is recycled polyester more sustainable than virgin polyester?

Reduces reliance on finite resources (fossil fuels) and minimises landfill waste

Viscose

Cellulose is treated with chemicals to make a fibre mimicking the qualities of natural fibres, such as silk and cotton. (Non finite and not sustainable)

Advantages of blending fibres

• increased durability

• Decreased weight

• Waterproof

• Added stretch

• Reduced cost

What printing techniques are suitable for batch production?

Block printing, stencil printing, screen printing, digital printing, and sublimation printing.

Which techniques are suitable for mass production?

Rotary screen printing

Which printing techniques are available in school?

Block printing, stencil printing, screen printing, digital printing, and sublimation printing

Advantages of CAD/CAM

• ideas, designs, and patterns can be developed quickly

• More accurate drawings/designs can be achieved

• Fast and accurate production

Disadvantages of CAD/CAM

• can be expensive to set up

• Files can be corrupted or lost

• Can need skilled engineers to run equipment

Why is sublimation printing sustainable?

• no excessive waste

• Does not require water

• Transfer paper sourced from sustainable forests and paper is recycled

Why is digital printing sustainable?

• less setup is needed

• Less wasted surplus ink

• Less use of chemicals and water

Single motif

Scatter repeat

Block repeat

Half drop repeat

brick repeat

How does a design specification aid the design process?

It helps keep the process simple, so that you don’t get confused.