Grinding, Honing and Lapping

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts and terms from the lecture on Grinding, Honing, and Lapping.

Abrasive machining

A material removal process using hard abrasive particles, typically in the form of a bonded wheel.

Grinding

The most important abrasive process among metalworking operations, involving the removal of material by individual abrasive grains.

Honing

A finishing operation primarily used to improve the surface finish of holes produced by processes such as boring and drilling.

Lapping

A finishing operation used for flat, cylindrical, or curved surfaces, involving a soft lap and abrasive particles.

Superfinishing

A process of rubbing metal with a small hard tool to achieve mirror-like finishes with very low surface roughness.

Grinding wheel

A tool used in grinding consisting of abrasive particles held together by a bonding material.

Abrasive material

A small, hard particle that can remove material from a surface through a cutting process.

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3)

The most common abrasive material used to grind steel and other ferrous alloys.

Silicon carbide (SiC)

An abrasive harder than aluminum oxide, used for grinding ductile and brittle materials.

Cubic boron nitride (cBN)

A superabrasive used for grinding hard materials such as tool steels and aerospace alloys.

Diamond

A superabrasive used for grinding very hard materials, both naturally occurring and synthetically made.

Grain size

The size of abrasive particles which affects surface finish and material removal rate in grinding processes.

Wheel bond

Material that holds abrasive grains in a grinding wheel, critical for maintaining wheel integrity during operation.

Wheel grade

Indicates the bond strength of a grinding wheel, affecting its retention of abrasive grits during cutting.

Grinding forces

Forces involved in grinding that are typically smaller than those in machining due to the small dimensions of chips.

Specific energy

The energy required per unit volume of material ground from the workpiece surface.

Honing tool

A tool consisting of bonded abrasive sticks, used to improve the surface finish of internal cylindrical surfaces.

Burnishing

The process of compacting metal surfaces with a small hard tool to achieve a high level of smoothness.