RM: types of data,

What is quantitative data?

Data that represents behaviour in terms of numbers/quantities

How do quantitative date obtained in an observation?

A tally of behavioural categories

What do closed questions often collect?

Numerical data

What is numerical data?

A form of quantitative data

Examples of numerical data?

Reaction times, test scores, number of participants, or ratings on a scale.

What is qualitative data?

Qualitative data is data that is descriptive and non-numerical, often expressed in words, images, or observations.

How can we process qualitative data to be analysed easier?

By categorising it and then the frequency of each category is measured

What do open questions gather in self-report methods

Qualitative data

Which research methods analyse qualitative data?

Case studies

Interviews

What is a pro of quantitative data?

Easier to analyse using descriptive and inferential statistics

What is a con of quantitative data?

The date oversimplifies reality- not all information is recoded

What is a pro of qualitative data?

Provides detailed information which can give valuable insight into human behaviour

What is a con of qualitative data?

Increased complexity makes it more difficult to analyse data and draw conclusions

What is primary data?

Information that is observed or collected directly from first hand experience

what’s involved in a researcher obtaining primary data during a psychological research?

designing the study, gaining ethical approval, piloting the study, recurring and testing participants and analysing the data.

What is secondary data?

Secondary data is data that has already been collected by someone else for a different purpose and is then used by a researcher.

What is a meta-analysis?

Data that is taken from a large number of studies which involve the same research questions and methodology. The results are then combined

What are the pros of primary data?

The researcher has a great deal of control over the data.

Data collection can be designed to fit the aim and hypothesis of the study.

What are cons of primary data?

It is a very time consuming and expensive process

What are pros of secondary data?

• much simpler to access someone else’s data

• It’s cheaper because less time and equipment is needed

• Data may have been subjected to statistical analysis so we know it’s significant

What are the cons of secondary data?

difficult to find data that exactly fits the purpose of the study if it hasn’t been designed by the researcher themselves

What’s ’measures of central tendency’