Venous Insufficiency Lecture Review

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering the pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of Venous Insufficiency as presented by Dr. Rowena W. Elliott.

Venous Insufficiency

A condition when the valves in the veins are unable to propel blood toward the heart.

Unidirectional blood flow

The normal direction of blood movement that cannot occur effectively in a patient with venous insufficiency.

Bi-directional blood flow

The state of blood flow resulting from valves failing to propel blood forward, causing it to leak backward.

Pooling of blood

A result of venous insufficiency that occurs especially in the lower extremities due to valve failure.

Chronic Venous Disease (CVD)

A progressive disease categorized into stages from $C1$ to $C6$ involving changes in vein health and skin integrity.

C1 Stage

The classification in Chronic Venous Disease representing the presence of Spider Veins.

C2 Stage

The classification in Chronic Venous Disease representing the presence of Varicose Veins.

C3 Stage

The classification in Chronic Venous Disease representing Swelling.

C4 Stage

The classification in Chronic Venous Disease representing Skin Changes.

C5, C6 Stages

The classifications in Chronic Venous Disease representing the presence of a Venous Ulcer.

Spider Veins

The clinical sign associated with the $C1$ stage of Chronic Venous Disease.

Varicose Veins

The clinical sign associated with the $C2$ stage of Chronic Venous Disease.

Incompetent valves

A primary etiology of venous insufficiency where valves fail to prevent backflow.

Deep vein obstructions

A cause of venous insufficiency often manifested as deep vein thrombosis.

Deep vein thrombosis

A specific type of deep vein obstruction contributing to the etiology of venous disease.

Skeletal muscle pumps

Mechanisms whose decreased function leads to the development of venous insufficiency.

Inflammatory processes

The biological responses listed as a contributing factor to the etiology of venous insufficiency.

Ischemia

A condition occurring with arterial disease that is contrasted with the edema seen in venous disease.

Edema

A clinical manifestation of venous insufficiency that is exacerbated by standing for long periods of time.

Tissue nutrition

A biological process that eventually becomes impaired due to blood pooling and impaired flow in venous disease.

Stasis dermatitis

A skin condition that results from clinical manifestations of impaired blood flow in the legs.

Brown pigmentation

Skin discoloration caused by hemosiderin deposits from the breakdown of red blood cells.

Hemosiderin deposits

The substance responsible for brown skin pigmentation, occurring after blood pooling and iron release.

Iron release

The process following the breakdown of red blood cells in pooled blood that leads to skin pigmentation.

Medial malleolus

The specific anatomical location on the lower leg with the highest frequency of venous lesions.

Venous Stasis Ulcer

A difficult-to-heal lesion often appearing medially over the ankle and lower leg.

Doppler Ultrasound

A diagnostic imaging tool used to evaluate blood flow in patients with venous insufficiency.

CT

A diagnostic imaging technique used for the assessment of venous conditions.

MRI

A magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic used in the evaluation of venous insufficiency.

Culture and Sensitivity

A diagnostic test performed if venous ulcers are present to identify infection.

SIEMENS SOMATOM Sensation

The specific medical diagnostic equipment mentioned in the lecture regarding imaging.

European Classification

The system used to categorize the compression levels for compression socks/RAL.

Class 1 Compression

Light compression socks providing a pressure of $18-21\,mmHg$.

Class 2 Compression

Moderate compression socks providing a pressure of $23-32\,mmHg$.

Class 3 Compression

Strong compression socks providing a pressure of $34-46\,mmHg$.

Class 4 Compression

Very strong compression socks providing a pressure of $49-\,mmHg$.

Light compression

The descriptive term for European Classification Class 1 compression socks.

Moderate compression

The descriptive term for European Classification Class 2 compression socks.

Strong compression

The descriptive term for European Classification Class 3 compression socks.

Very strong compression

The descriptive term for European Classification Class 4 compression socks.

$$18-21\,mmHg$$

The pressure range for Class 1 light compression socks.

$$23-32\,mmHg$$

The pressure range for Class 2 moderate compression socks.

$$34-46\,mmHg$$

The pressure range for Class 3 strong compression socks.

$$49-\,mmHg$$

The pressure range for Class 4 very strong compression socks.

Wound care

An essential treatment and management strategy for patients with venous ulcers.

Activity plan

A component of the treatment and management strategy for venous insufficiency patients.

Anticoagulants

Medications like Coumadin and Heparin used to prevent thrombus formation.

Coumadin

An oral anticoagulant medication mentioned in the treatment of venous insufficiency.

Heparin

An anticoagulant medication used in the treatment and management of venous conditions.

NSAIDs

Pharmacological agents preferred for treating pain and swelling in venous insufficiency.

Daflon

A medication that reinforces venous tone and reduces vein congestion and inflammation.

Phlebotonics

A class of medications used in the management of chronic venous disease.

Diuretics

Medications listed as part of the pharmacological management for venous disease.

Antibiotics

Medications administered if a venous ulcer becomes infected.

Venous tone

The tension of the veins, which is reinforced by the action of Daflon.

Vein congestion

A condition of reduced blood flow in the veins that Daflon helps to diminish.

Thrombus formation

The creation of blood clots, which medications in the treatment plan aim to prevent.

Dr. Rowena W. Elliott

The lecturer and doctor who presented the material on Venous Insufficiency.

Medial side of the ankle

The specific area where the majority of venous lesions are located.

Skin Changes

The clinical sign associated with the $C4$ stage of Chronic Venous Disease.