35 Multiple choice (History test) ; Jacksonian Era

How did American politics change during the age of Jackson with respect to campaigning and the number of votes cast?

- votes no longer relied on just white landowners

-more of the common folk were able to vote

- new campaign techniques

- westward expansion and sectional interests arose.

Who were the candidates in the Election of 1824, and from what states did they come?

- Andrew Jackson (Tennessee)

- John Quincy Adams

( Massachusetts)

-Henry Clay

(Kentucky)

-William Crawford

(Georgia)

What is the corrupt bargain?

- Jackson accused John Q. Adams and Henry Clay of "cheating" in the Election of 1824.

- Clay got the House of Representatives to vote Adams for President and Clay was named Secretary of State.

Why is John Quincy Adams appropriately named a Nationalist?

- was motivated to promote national economic and educational growth for the entire nation as a whole.

-supported the construction of infrastructure (roads, canals)

- advocated for a national observatory

Why was the South opposed to Adams' plans?

- the duties of the hated tariff would continue

- it could have been possible for it to get involved with the instituition of slavery (abinstitutionolition)

How did the election of 1828 demonstrate sectionalism?

- two parties were formed

- the Democratic-Republicans (Jacksonians)

- National Republicans (Adams)

To what section of the country was political power shifting as demonstrated by the 1828 election?

- west

What was "mudslinging"?

- the attempt to ruin an opponent's reputation with insults

How did AJ differ from his predecessors? What made him unique?

- first president from the west

- had humble origins

- different in class ranks (he was lower class)

- no formal education

-was involved in gambling and drinking

What is the Spoils System (a/k/a rotation in office)?

- rewarded one's supporters with federal jobs

How did Andrew Jackson use and justify the spoils system?

- used it as a way to gain more supporters and power

- strengthening loyalty to the party over class

What were the pros of the spoils system?

- loyalty to party

- more democratic

-anti-elitist

What did the tariff do for American Industries? What part of the country benefited from the tariff?

- Protected northern and western agricultural products from competition with foreign imports.

- North and west

What might other countries do in response to an American tariff on their goods?

- raise tariffs on goods

-ban trade with America

How did the tariff affect consumer goods?

- raised rates to up to 50%

- targeted imported goods in industrial states of New England

Why did the South oppose a tariff?

-they sold their crops for cheap but were forced to pay outrageous prices for manufactured goods

-worried about federal intervention with slavery

What name was given to the high tariff of 1828?

- Tariff of Abominations

- Black Tariff

Who wrote the South Carolina Exposition and what did it say?

- John C Calhoun

-proposed that South Carolina should nullify the tariff between state borders

What did South Carolina do to the Tariff of 1828?

- nullified it

- threatened secession if Federalists enforced the tariff

What was Andrew Jackson's response to South Carolina for nullifying the tariff?

- threatened to hang the nullies

-dispatched a navy

- raised an army

- issued a proclamation against it

Who saved the Union from dissolution and how?

- Henry Clay

-proposed the Compromise Tariff of 1833, which gradually reduced tariff rates

What save-face measure did Congress pass after the Compromise tariff of 1833 was passed?

- force bill

What did South Carolina do to the measure passed by Congress after the compromise tariff of 1833?

-repealed its nullification

-nullified the force bill

What was Jackson's solution to the 'Indian Problem?" and what law codified his policy?

- forcible removal of 100,000 native Americans to west of the Mississippi River into Indian Territory

- (present day Oklahoma; 10-15 year period)

- The Indian Removal Act of 1830

What were the "Five Civilized Tribes?"

-Cherokee

-Choctaw,

-Muscogee,

-Chickasaw

- Seminole.

What is assimilation? What efforts did the Cherokees make to assimilate?

-process of taking in and fully understanding information

-they learned to live like the Whites.

- many owned property and engaged in slavery

-had an alphabet

- legal code

-constitution

What was the case of Worcester v. Georgia? What was John Marshall's ruling? What was AJ's response to the ruling?

- Georgia wanted Cherokees out of the land to attain the growth of cotton for themselves

-Cherokees appealed to the supreme court ; where Marshall upheld them 3 times

The Supreme Court recognized Cherokee sovereignty.

-Andrew Jackson disagreed with the Supreme Court's rulings; so Congress passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830.

What was the Trail of Tears?

- as a part of Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy, the Cherokee nation was forced to give up its lands east of the Mississippi River and to migrate to an area in present-day Oklahoma(west).

- The Cherokee people called this journey the "Trail of Tears," because of its devastating effects.

Why did Andrew Jackson hate the Bank of the United States?

- he distrusted big banks and big business run by the elite and wealthy. He believed that there was too much power and that it was not accountable to the people.

How did Andrew Jackson's veto of the Bank of the United States recharter bill increase the power of the Presidency?

-President's vote, or veto, was just as powerful as the ⅔ vote in Congress.

Whom did Andrew Jackson defeat for the presidency in 1832?

Henry Clay

What means did Andrew Jackson use to destroy the Bank of the United States? How did his actions help stimulate the financial panic and depression of 1837?

- her ordered that no future US funds would be deposited in the Bank

- he used existing deposits to pay government expenses

What was the early cement that held the Whigs together as a party?

- the hatred towards Jackson

What was ironic about the Whigs portraying Harrison as a "backwoods westerner?"

- Harrison was a wealthy man

According to Bailey, the election of 1840 conclusively demonstrated two major changes in American politics since the Era of Good Feelings. What were they?

Formation of The Vigorous two-party system and the triumphant populist democratic style.

Adams' suggestion for a national observatory is much like what healthcare program today that many still oppose?

Obamacare

What were the cons of the spoils system?

The inept, corrupt, and incompetent were elevated to public trust.