Anatomy and Physio

Inter-

Between

-cyte

type of cell

Hyper-

Above normal

integumentary system

the skin and its accessory structures such as hair and nails

Hypo-

below normal

skeletal system

Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints

Muscular System

Consists of skeletal muscles, tendons that connect muscles to bones, and ligaments that attach bones together to form joints

nervous system

the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems

Parts of the integumentary system

skin, hair, nails, glands

parts of the nervous system

central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (nerves)

endocrine system

the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

parts of the endocrine system

hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, and gonads (testes/ovaries)

cardiovascular system

heart and blood vessels

digestive system

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells.

Parts of the digestive system

oral cavity, esophagus, liver, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum , and anus

urinary system

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood.

Parts of the urinary system

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

lymphatic system

Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.

Parts of lyphatic system

lymph (fluid), lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, the spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and tonsils

respiratory system

Brings oxygen into the body. Gets rid of carbon dioxide.

Parts of the respiratory system

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, and lungs

male reproductive system

serves to produce sperm and introduce them into the female body

Parts of the male reproductive system:

epididymis, vas deferens, prostate gland

female reproductive system

organs that produce and transport egg cells and secrete female hormones

Parts of the female reproductive system

ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina

Homeostasis

process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment

Normal body temperature

37 degrees Celsius (for an adult)

Negative Feedback

Opposes changes, maintains stability.

Positive Feedback

Amplifies changes

cell membrane

A- / An-

Without or absent

Ab-

Away from

Ad-

Toward

Anti-

Against

Bi-

Two

Brady-

Slow

Di-

Two or double

Ecto-

Outside

Endo-

Within or inner

Epi-

Upon or above

Ex- / Exo-

Out of or outside

Extra-

Outside or beyond

Hemi-

Half

Hyper-

Above normal or excessive

Hypo-

Below normal or deficient

Inter-

Between

Intra-

Within

Macro-

Large

Micro-

Small

Multi-

Many

Peri-

Around

Poly-

Many or much

Post-

After or behind

Pre- / Pro-

Before

Sub-

Under or below

Super- / Supra-

Above or over

Sym- / Syn-

Together or with

Tachy-

Fast

Trans-

Across or through

Uni-

One (

-algia

Pain

-ary / -ory

Relating to

-blast

Immature or developing cell

-cardio

Relating to the heart

-cyte

Type of cell

-derm

Skin or layer

-ectomy

Surgical removal

-emia

Blood condition

-genesis

Origin or production

-gram

Record or image

-graph

Instrument for recording

-itis

Inflammation

-logy

Study of

-lysis

Breaking down or destruction

-oid

Resembling

-ology

Study of

-oma

Tumour or mass

-osis

Condition or disease process

-ostomy

Surgical opening

-otomy

Surgical incision

-pathy

Disease or disorder

-phage / -phagia

Eating or engulfing

-plasia

Formation or development

-plasty

Surgical repair

-plegia

Paralysis

-rrhea

Flow or discharge

-sclerosis

Hardening

-scope

Instrument for viewing

-scopy

Visual examination

-stenosis

Narrowing

-trophy

Nourishment or growth

-uria

Urine condition

Angio-

Blood or lymph vessel

Arthro-

Joint

Cardio-

Heart

Cephalo-

Head

Chondro-

Cartilage

Cyto-

Cell

Dermo- / Dermato-

Skin

Entero-

Intestine