Animal Breeds and Selection

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminology related to animal breeds and selective breeding, specifically focusing on companion animals and livestock.

Breed

A homogenous grouping of animals within a species developed by humans through selective mating for specific characteristics.

Selective Breeding

The process by which humans control the phenotype of breeds by controlling genotype through mate selection.

Phenotypic Variety

The differences in observable traits within a species, often enhanced by selective breeding.

American Kennel Club (AKC)

An organization that maintains breed standards and promotes purebred dogs in the United States.

Companion Animals

Animals that are kept primarily for a person's company or entertainment.

Livestock Breeds

Breeds of domesticated animals raised for agricultural purposes, such as meat, milk, and labor.

Herding Breeds

Dog breeds that are trained to control the movement of other species.

Terrier

A group of dog breeds that hunt vermin and dig for rodents, known for their vigorous and energetic behavior.

Toy Group

Dog breeds that are small and often kept as lap dogs, popular in urban areas.

Common Cat Breeds

Popular breeds of cats in the US, including Persian, Exotic, Maine Coon, and Siamese.

Genetic Testing

A method used to determine specific traits in animals, often used for breed registration.

Mutations

Changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to new traits in animals.

Industry Defined Groups

Categories of breeds based on their utility or purpose established by industry standards.

AKC Groups

Categories established by the American Kennel Club to organize dog breeds based on their characteristics and behaviors.