[MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY] Phenol and Its Derivatives

b. Phenol coefficient

Ratio of a dilution of a given test disinfectant to the dilution of phenol that is required to kill a strain of S. typhi under carefully controlled time and temperature.

a. Therapeutic index
b. Phenol coefficient
c. Zone of inhibition
d. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)

b. Higher

↑ PC = ↑ antibacterial property

If the phenol coefficient is higher, the antibacterial property is _____

a. Lower
b. Higher
c. Unchanged
d. Unpredictable

b. Increased

Straight chain substitution with alkyl, aryl, and halogen in the para position results in _____ bactericidal property.

a. Decreased
b. Increased
c. No change
d. Complete loss of

b. Straight chain alkyl

📌Straight chain alkyl > branched

In terms of bactericidal activity of phenol derivatives, which is more active?

a. Branched chain alkyl
b. Straight chain alkyl
c. Cyclic alkyl
d. Aromatic alkyl

b. Denaturation of bacterial proteins

At low concentration, phenol exerts its antibacterial effect by _____

a. Lysis of cell membranes
b. Denaturation of bacterial proteins
c. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis
d. Blocking cell wall synthesis

b. Lysis of cell membranes

At high concentration, phenol exerts its antibacterial effect by _____

a. Denaturation of bacterial proteins
b. Lysis of cell membranes
c. Inhibition of protein synthesis
d. Interference with folate metabolism

Formula for Phenol Coefficient:

a. Phenol / Carbolic acid

C₆H₅OH.

a. Phenol / Carbolic acid

b. Hexachlorophene

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. p-chlorophenol

b. Phenol / Carbolic acid

Introduced as a surgical antiseptic by Joseph Lister (now obsolete).

a. Hexachlorophene

b. Phenol / Carbolic acid

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Chlorhexidine

c. Phenol / Carbolic acid

The standard for germicides.

a. Hexachlorophene

b. p-chlorophenol

c. Phenol / Carbolic acid

d. p-chloro-m-xylenol

c. Para position

Phenol derivative where substitution at the_______ position increases bacterial activity.

a. Ortho position

b. Meta position

c. Para position

d. All positions equally

a. True for all phenols

Phenol derivative where straight chain alkyl substitution is more active than branched chain alkyl substitution.

a. True for all phenols
b. False for all phenols
c. Only applies to ortho substitution
d. Only applies to meta substitution

c. Phenol / Carbolic acid

Exhibits germicidal activity (general protoplasmic poison), caustic, local anesthetic

a. Hexachlorophene

b. p-chlorophenol

c. Phenol / Carbolic acid

d. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Systemic antibiotic

📌Phenol properties include:

• Germicidal activity (general protoplasmic poison)

• Caustic

• Local anesthetic

Phenol exhibits the following properties except:

a. Germicidal activity (general protoplasmic poison)
b. Caustic
c. Local anesthetic
d. Systemic antibiotic

a. Liquefied Phenol

Phenol with 10% H2O

a. Liquefied Phenol

b. p-chlorophenol

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Hexachlorophene

b. 10%

Liquefied phenol is phenol with _____% H₂O.

a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 15%
d. 20%

b. p-chlorophenol

Used in combination with camphor in liquid petrolatum

a. Liquefied Phenol

b. p-chlorophenol

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Hexachlorophene

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

Also known as:

• PC-MX

• Metasep

a. Liquefied Phenol

b. p-chlorophenol

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Hexachlorophene

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

PC-MX

a. Liquefied Phenol

b. p-chlorophenol

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Hexachlorophene

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

Metasep

a. Liquefied Phenol

b. p-chlorophenol

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Hexachlorophene

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

Used as 2% shampoo for athlete's foot and jock itch.

a. Liquefied Phenol

b. p-chlorophenol

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Hexachlorophene

d. Hexachlorophene

Also known as pHisoHex

a. Liquefied Phenol

b. p-chlorophenol

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Hexachlorophene

d. Hexachlorophene

Easily adsorbed onto skin and enters sebaceous glands (neurotoxicity)

a. Liquefied Phenol

b. p-chlorophenol

c. p-chloro-m-xylenol

d. Hexachlorophene

c. Cresol / Methylphenol

Mixture of three isomeric methyl phenols.

a. Chlorocresol
b. Phenol
c. Cresol / Methylphenol
d. Hexachlorophene

b. Methylphenol

Cresol is also known as _____

a. Chlorocresol
b. Methylphenol
c. Hydroxytoluene
d. Carbolic acid

b. Cresol / Methylphenol

Obtained from coal tar or petrolatum by alkaline extraction.

a. Chlorocresol
b. Cresol / Methylphenol
c. p-chloro-m-xylenol
d. Hexachlorophene

b. Alkaline extraction

Cresol / Methylphenol is obtained from coal tar or petrolatum by _____

a. Acidic extraction
b. Alkaline extraction
c. Steam distillation
d. Solvent evaporation

d. Chlorocresol

Used as a Preservative.

a. Cresol
b. Phenol
c. Hexachlorophene
d. Chlorocresol

c. Thymol

Also known as Isopropyl m-cresol.

a. Phenol
b. Cresol
c. Thymol
d. Chlorocresol

a. Thymol

Meta cresol.

a. Thymol
b. Phenol
c. Hexachlorophene
d. p-chloro-m-xylenol

c. Thymol

Obtained from the oil of Thymus vulgaris (Thyme).

a. Cresol
b. Chlorocresol
c. Thymol
d. Phenol

b. Thymol

Mild fungicidal agent used for Tinea infections.

a. Hexachlorophene
b. Thymol
c. p-chlorophenol
d. Formaldehyde

c. Eugenol

4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol.

a. Thymol
b. Cresol
c. Eugenol
d. Phenol

b. Thymol

Applied on cotton to relieve toothaches.

a. Phenol
b. Thymol
c. Hexachlorophene
d. Eugenol

b. Eugenol

Ingredient in mouthwashes.

a. Cresol
b. Eugenol
c. Formaldehyde
d. Chlorocresol

c. Resorcinol

m-dihydroxybenzene.

a. Catechol
b. Hydroquinone
c. Resorcinol
d. Phenol

d. Resorcinol

Weak antiseptic and keratolytic agent.

a. Eugenol
b. Thymol
c. Hexylresorcinol
d. Resorcinol

b. Hexylresorcinol

Produces numbness when applied to the tongue and this is an ingredient in lozenges.

a. Resorcinol
b. Hexylresorcinol
c. Phenol
d. Cresol

b. Hexylresorcinol

Ingredient in lozenges

a. Resorcinol
b. Hexylresorcinol
c. Phenol
d. Cresol

d. Resorcinol

Used in 1-3% solutions and 10-20% ointments and pastes for the treatment of skin conditions.

a. Eugenol
b. Thymol
c. Hexachlorophene
d. Resorcinol

a. 1-3% solutions, 10-20% ointments

Resorcinol is used in ____ % solutions and ____% ointments for the treatment of skin conditions.

a. 1-3% solutions, 10-20% ointments

b. 5-10% solutions, 20-30% ointments

c. 0.5-1% solutions, 5-10% ointments

d. 10-15% solutions, 1-3% ointments

a. Phenol / Carbolic acid

a. Phenol / Carbolic acid

b. Cresol / Methylphenol

c. Thymol / Isopropyl m-cresol

d. Eugenol

e. Resorcinol

b. Cresol / Methylphenol

a. Phenol / Carbolic acid

b. Cresol / Methylphenol

c. Thymol / Isopropyl m-cresol

d. Eugenol

e. Resorcinol

c. Thymol / Isopropyl m-cresol

a. Phenol / Carbolic acid

b. Cresol / Methylphenol

c. Thymol / Isopropyl m-cresol

d. Eugenol

e. Resorcinol

d. Eugenol

a. Phenol / Carbolic acid

b. Cresol / Methylphenol

c. Thymol / Isopropyl m-cresol

d. Eugenol

e. Resorcinol

e. Resorcinol

a. Phenol / Carbolic acid

b. Cresol / Methylphenol

c. Thymol / Isopropyl m-cresol

d. Eugenol

e. Resorcinol