Industrialization and the Progressive Era

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the Industrialization period and the Progressive Era, focusing on major figures, events, reforms, and social issues.

Gilded Age

A period in U.S. history from the 1870s to 1900 characterized by economic growth, industrialization, and a stark contrast between wealth and poverty.

Cornelius Vanderbilt

An industrial giant who made his fortune in the railroad industry, utilizing strategies like controlling the Albany bridge to gain advantage.

John D. Rockefeller

Founder of Standard Oil, he amassed wealth through the oil industry and made exclusive deals, impacting the economy and petroleum use.

Progressive Era

A reform movement from 1890 to 1920 aimed at addressing social inequalities, corruption, and problems caused by industrialization and urbanization.

Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle"

A novel that exposed the poor working conditions in the meatpacking industry, highlighting sanitation issues and labor exploitation.

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; founded to fight for the civil rights of African Americans and combat racial discrimination.

16th Amendment

Ratified in 1913, it allows the federal government to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states.

19th Amendment

Ratified on August 18, 1920, it granted women the right to vote in the United States.

Sherman Antitrust Act

A 1890 law aimed at prohibiting monopolistic practices and promoting competition in the marketplace.

Lynching

The illegal execution of individuals by a mob, often racially motivated, prevalent in the United States particularly from 1877 to 1950.

The Great Migration

The movement of over six million African Americans from the rural South to cities in the North, Midwest, and West seeking better opportunities.

Tulsa Massacre

A violent attack on the Greenwood District in Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1921, where a prosperous African American community was destroyed.