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state the electromagnetic spectrum.
radiowaves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
what order is the electromagnetic spectrum in?
increasing wavelength and decreasing frequency
what speed to electromagnetic waves travel at?
3 x 10^8 m/s in free space
what are some uses of radiowaves?
broadcasting and communications
what are some uses of microwaves?
cooking and satellite transmissions
what are some uses of infrared radiation?
heaters and night vision equipment
what are some uses of visible light?
optical fibres and photography
what are some uses of ultraviolet radiation?
fluorescent lamps
what are some uses of x-rays?
observing the internal structure of objects and materials, including for medical applications
what are some uses of gamma rays?
sterilising food and medical equipment
what are the detrimental effects of microwaves?
internal heating of body tissue
what are the detrimental effects of infrared radiation?
skin burns
what are the detrimental effects of ultraviolet radiation?
damage to surface cells and blindness
what are the detrimental effects of gamma rays?
cancer, mutation
what are some protective measures against microwaves?
metal shielding, maintaining distance, limiting exposure
what are some protective measures against infrared radiation?
limiting exposure, wearing insulative materials, protective clothing
what are some protective measures against ultraviolet radiation?
wearing sunblock, using sunglasses
what are some protective measures against gamma rays?
lead shielding, limiting exposure