bio u7? quiz 1 protists

Protist

a eukaryotic organism that is mostly single-celled and microscopic and belongs to the most diverse of all kingdoms

Animal-like protist

a type of protist that is a heterotroph that is single-celled and capable of movement

Protozoan

an animal-like protist that is a heterotroph and is single-celled and can move

Zooflagellate

a protozoan that uses a flagellum to swim

Pseudopod

a false foot used by amoebas to change shape and move by building or changing their cytoplasm

Amoeboid movement

a type of movement where the organism changes shape as it moves using pseudopods

Ciliate

a type of protozoan that uses cilia to swim and capture food

Paramecium

an example of a ciliate that uses cilia to move and capture food

Plant-like protist

a type of protist that is photosynthetic and contains chlorophyll

Algae

plant-like protists that are photosynthetic and can be single-celled colonial or multicellular and have no roots stems or leaves

Euglena

a plant-like protist that is mostly photosynthetic and has one or two flagella and an eyespot that detects light

Dinoflagellate

a plant-like protist with two flagella that may be bioluminescent and can cause red tide

Red tide

a harmful algal bloom caused by dinoflagellates

Diatom

a plant-like protist with hard shells made of silica that produces large amounts of oxygen and is often found in water or dirt

Diatomaceous earth

a substance made from the remains of diatoms that is used as a mild abrasive for filtration and absorption

Brown algae

a type of multicellular algae such as kelp

Red algae

a type of multicellular algae such as nori used in sushi

Green algae

a type of multicellular algae found almost everywhere

Fungus-like protist

a type of protist that decomposes dead organisms and is a heterotroph that can move

Slime mold

a fungus-like protist that can decompose dead organisms and move by changing shape through chemicals flowing inside it

Plasmodial slime mold

a type of slime mold that forms giant cells with many nuclei and can act as one big cell or as a multicellular organism

Cellular slime mold

a type of slime mold made of independent cells that can act individually or together when agitated by forming a pseudoplasmodium

Water mold

a fungus-like protist that can be a parasite of plants or fish and was responsible for the Irish Potato Famine

Malaria

a disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite and transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito

Plasmodium

the genus of parasite that causes malaria and reproduces sexually inside the mosquito and targets red blood cells in humans

Anopheles mosquito

the mosquito that transmits malaria by carrying the Plasmodium parasite in its salivary glands

Fungi

a kingdom of heterotrophic organisms with cell walls made of chitin that absorb food through hyphae and act as decomposers

Chitin

the material that makes up the cell walls of fungi distinguishing them from plants which have cellulose

Hyphae

the thread-like structures through which fungi absorb nutrients from their environment

Mycelium

the network structure made from hyphae in a multicellular fungus

Fruiting body

the reproductive structure of a multicellular fungus that produces spores

Spore

the reproductive unit released by fungi for dispersal

Heterotroph

an organism that cannot make its own food and must absorb or consume it which describes fungi

Decomposer

an organism that breaks down dead organic matter which is a role fungi play in ecosystems

Mycorrhizal relationship

a symbiotic relationship between fungi and plants where plants provide carbohydrates and fungi provide water and minerals and nutrients

Sac fungi

a type of fungi that includes multicellular forms like morels and truffles as well as single-celled yeast

Yeast

a single-celled sac fungus

Bread mold

a type of fungi often found in spoiled food that produces spores in structures called sporangia

Sporangia

the spore-producing structures found in bread molds

Club fungi

a type of fungi that includes mushrooms and puffballs and shelf fungi

Fungi vs plants cell wall

fungi have cell walls made of chitin while plants have cell walls made of cellulose

Fungi vs plants nutrition

fungi are heterotrophs that absorb food through hyphae while plants are autotrophs that make their own food through photosynthesis

Fungi vs plants chlorophyll

fungi do not contain chlorophyll while plants do contain chlorophyll