Cell Transport

Hypertonic solutions

Outside the cell has a higher concentration of solute. Cell loses water and shrinks. Opposite of hypotonic solution

hypotonic solution

outside the cell as a lower concentration of solute. cell gains water and enlarges. hypo-hippo. opposite of hypertonic solution

isotonic solutions

concentration of solute is the same inside and outside of the cell. stay the same. water goes both directions

differences between cell wall and cell membrane

cell walls are not flexible, not found in all cell, provide structure and support and are made up of carbs and proteins. Cell membranes are flexible, found in all cells, regulate entry, made up of lipids and proteins.

three functions of the cell membrane

regulates what goes in and out of the cell, maintains homeostasis, helps with flexibility

what do we mean when we say cell membranes are selectively permeable

semi-permeable. it means that it lets some things through and not others

what is passive transport

movement of H>L concentration until equilibrium is reached. 3 types

what is simple diffusion

moving from H>L concentration (with the concentration gradient) No aid. EX: perfume and air freshener

what is facilitated diffusion

moving from H>L concentration, uses proteins to get across the membrane. needs help.

what is osmosis

always involves water moving through a semipermeable membrane

what is active transport

getting from L > H concentration (against/up the concentration gradient.) Needs energy (usually in the form of ATP)

endocytosis

into the cell

exocytosis

out of the cell

what is ATP and where is it produced

what the cell uses for energy. produced mitochondria