Consequences of the Industrial Revolution

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to the consequences of the Industrial Revolution.

Urbanisation

The process by which people leave farms and countryside to live in cities and towns, which grew rapidly around industrial areas.

Slums

Overcrowded urban areas characterized by inadequate housing and poor living conditions.

Respiratory diseases

Health conditions caused by air pollution, often exacerbated in industrial areas due to coal burning.

Waterborne diseases

Illnesses transmitted through water contaminated with pathogens, such as dysentery and typhoid.

Mining boom

A period of increased mining activity, particularly for coal and iron, often involving child labor under poor conditions.

Transport improvements

Advancements in transportation methods, including railways and steam ships, facilitating the movement of goods.

Mechanisation

The use of machines in farming and production processes, leading to increased efficiency and food production.

Imperialism

The policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization and resource extraction from other nations.

Scramble for Africa

A period of intense competition among European powers for control over African territories and resources.

Mercantile System

Economic system where raw materials from colonies were processed into goods in the mother country and sold back to colonies.

Arms Race

The competition between nations to develop superior weapons and military technology, contributing to global conflict.

Progress

The idea that technological advancements and innovations are inherently good and that society should embrace them.