Chapter 18 and 20 PCB 3044

Based solely on this map, would you expect the species of Australia to be more similar to the Philippines or New Zealand?

New Zealand

Both

Philipines

Can't be determined

New Zealand

Based on the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, which type of island would have the smallest number of species present?

Land islands near the mainland

Small islands near the mainland

Small islands far from the mainland

Large islands far from the mainland

Small islands far from the mainland

Suppose that multiple sites in a large geographic region have been found to have very similar species compositions of herbivorous insects, even though each site has a large number of species. These herbivorous insects are therefore said to have low _______ diversity.

turnover

beta

alpha

gamma

beta

Which statement about global biogeographic patterns is true?

Broad species diversity patterns are better explained by differences in longitude than differences in latitude.

For any given latitude, the diversity of species is roughly constant for all longitudes.

All groups of organisms show more diversity at the tropics than at higher latitudes.

Most groups of organisms show more diversity at the tropics than at higher latitudes.

Most groups of organisms show more diversity at the tropics than at higher latitudes.

Suppose a land mass begins to separate and drift apart, separating populations of mice on either side. These mice then evolve into new species on the two sides of the land mass. This is an example of evolution by

species turnover

continental drift

subduction

vicariance

vicariance

Net primary production is:

gross primary production minus autotroph respiration.

gross primary production plus autotroph respiration.

the same thing as gross primary production.

gross primary production plus chemosynthesis.

gross primary production minus autotroph respiration.

Plant species from resource

poor; high

rich; high

rich; fixed

poor; low

_______ environments often have low growth responses to fertilization because these plants typically have _______ intrinsic growth rates.

In the Calvin cycle, the ‘carbon reaction’ of photosynthesis, which synthesizes carbohydrates, is catalyzed by the enzyme _______, which catalyzes both carboxylase and oxygenase reactions.

Protease

None of these

Lipase

Rubisco

Rubisco

What does Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) measure?

Respiration

All photosynthesis in an ecosystem and no respiration

Both photosynthesis and respiration of autotrophs only

Both photosynthesis and respiration of autotrophs, plus respiration of heterotrophs

Both photosynthesis and respiration of autotrophs, plus respiration of heterotrophs

Suppose that heterotrophs ingested 7,500 kilograms of plant biomass over a month's period. Respiration of these heterotrophs was the equivalent of 5,200 kilograms, and they egested 1,400 kilograms. What was the net secondary production?

400Kg

900Kg

1400Kg

2300Kg

900Kg