P2 LEC SKULL

b

1. What is the patient position for the

Original Law Method (Double Angulation)?

a. Supine

b. Prone

c. Lateral

d. Semi-prone

a

2. In the Original Law Method (Double

Angulation), what is the central ray (CR)

angle?

a. 15 degrees caudad & 15 degrees

anterior

b. 25 degrees caudad & 20 degrees

anterior

c. 15 degrees cephalad & 15 degrees

anterior

d. 15 degrees caudad only

b

3. What are the Lange Recommendationsfor

the CR angle in the Original Law Method?

a. 15 degrees caudad & 15 degrees

anterior

b. 25 degrees caudad & 20 degrees

anterior

c. 15 degrees caudad only

d. 30 degrees caudad & 20 degrees

anterior

c

4. Which of the following structures is NOT

specifically listed as shown in the Original

Law Method (Double Angulation)?

a. Mastoid antrum

b. Mandibular condyle

c. Foramen magnum

d. Mastoid air cells

a

5. What is done to the auricle in theOriginal

Law Method (Double Angulation)?

a. Taped forward

b. Taped backward

c. Left natural

d. Folded

b

6. What is the CR angle for the LawMethod(Single Angulation)?

a. 15 degrees caudad &15 degreesanterior

b. 15 degrees caudad

c. 25 degrees caudad

d. 15 degrees cephalad

c

7. In the Law Method (Single Angulation), how much is the midsagittal plane(MSP)

rotated toward the IR?

a. 0 degrees

b. 10 degrees

c. 15 degrees

d. 20 degrees

a

8. What is the CR entrance for the Law Method (Single Angulation)?

a. 2 in. posterior & 2 in. superior to uppermost EAM
b. 1 in. superior to tip of mastoid process

c. Dependent EAM closest to IR
d. 1 in. posterior & 1 in. superior to uppermost EAM

a

9. What is the patient position for the Original Law Method (Part Angulation)?
a. Prone

b. Semi-pronec

c. Supine

d. Lateral

a

10. In the Original Law Method (Part

Angulation), how much is the interpupillary

line (IPL) angled from vertical?

a. 0 degrees

b. 10 degrees

c. 15 degrees

d. 20 degrees

b

11. What is the patient position for the

Modified Hickey Method?

a. Prone

b. Supine

c. Seated

d. Lateral

b

12. In the Modified Hickey Method, the face

is rotated:

a. Toward the side of interest

b. Away from the side of interest

c. Face is not rotated

d. Towards the IR

d

13. In the Modified Hickey Method, the MSP

is angled how many degrees from the IR?

a. 15 degrees

b. 35 degrees

c. 45 degrees

d. 55 degrees

b

14. What is the CR angle for the Modified

Hickey Method?

a. 15 degrees cephalad

b. 15 degrees caudad

c. 25 degrees caudad

d. Perpendicular

b

15. In the Modified Hickey Method, the mastoid process is projected below the shadow of which bone?

a. Temporal bone

b. Occipital bone

c. Parietal bone

d. Sphenoid bone

b

16. What positioning line is perpendicular to the IR in the Modified Hickey Method?
a. Orbitomeatal line (OML)

b. Infraorbitomeatal line (IOML)

c. Acanthiomeatal line (AML)

d. Mentomeatal line (MML)

b

17. What is the patient position for the PA Tangential Projection of the mastoid process?

a. Supine

b. Prone

c. Semi-prone

d. Upright

c

18. In the PA Tangential Projection of the Mastoid Process, what part of the face rests against the IR?

a. Forehead

b. Nose

c. Chin

d. Cheek

b

19. What is he CR angle for the PA Tangential

Projection of the mastoid process?

a. 15 degrees caudad

b. 15 degrees cephalad

c. 25 degrees cephalad

d. 35 degrees caudad

c

20. In the PA Tangential Projection, the IR is

cranially inclined by how many degrees?

a. 0 degrees

b. 10 degrees

c. 15 degrees

d. 20 degrees

a

21. For the Towne Method to evaluate the

mastoid process, if the OML is perpendicular

to the IR, the CR angle should be:

a. 30 degrees caudad

b. 37 degrees caudad

c. 30 degrees cephalad

b

22. For the Towne Method to evaluate the

mastoid process, if the IOML is perpendicular

to the IR, the CR angle should be:

a. 30 degrees caudad

b. 37 degrees caudad

c. 30 degrees cephalad

d. 37 degrees cephalad

d

23. In the Towne Method, what structure is

seen within the foramen magnum?

a. Mastoid antrum

b. Middle ears

c. Labyrinths

d. Dorsum sellae

a

24. What is the CR entrance for the Towne

Method for the mastoid process?

a. 2 in. above glabella or 2.5 in. above

nasion

b. Nasion

c. 1 in. above nasion

d. Glabella

c

25. The Henschen, Schuller, and Lysholm methods are what type of projection?
a. AP Axial

b. PA Axial

c. Axiolateral

d. Tangential

c

26. What is the patient position for the Henschen, Schuller, & Lysholm methods?
a. Supine

b. Prone

c. Semiprone

d. Seated

b

27. In the Henschen, Schuller, and Lysholm methods, what line is parallel to the transverse axis of the IR?

a. OML

b. IOML

c. AML

d. MML

b

28. What is the CR entrance for the Henschen, Schuller, & Lysholm methods?
a. Uppermost EAM
b. Dependent EAM closest to IR
c. 2 in. superior to EAM
d. 2 in. posterior to EAM

a

29. What is the CR angle for the Henschen(Cushing) method?

a. 15 degrees caudad

b. 25 degrees caudad

c. 35 degrees caudad

d. 45 degrees caudad

b

30. What is the CR angle for the Schuller

method?

a. 15 degrees caudad

b. 25 degrees caudad

c. 35 degrees caudad

d. 45 degrees caudad

c

31. What is the CR angle for the Lysholm

(Runstrom II) method?

a. 15 degrees caudad

b. 25 degrees caudad

c. 35 degrees caudad

d. 45 degrees caudad

a

32. Which method is used to visualize tumors

of the acoustic nerve?

a. Henschen (Cushing)

b. Schuller

c. Lysholm

d. Runstrom II

b

33. Which method demonstrates the

mastoid emissary when present?

a. Henschen

b. Schuller

c. Lysholm

d. Runstrom II

b

34. The Runstrom Recommendation states

that the exposure should be made with a(n):

a. Suspended respiration

b. Open mouth

c. Closed mouth

d. Phonating "ah

c

35. The purpose of the open mouth in the Runstrom recommendation is to visualize the petrous apex between the anterior wall of the EAM and the:

a. Maxilla

b. Zygomatic arch

c. Mandibular condyle

d. Styloid process

b

36. For the Petrous Portion, the Towne Method CR entrance is:

a. 2 in. above glabella

b. MSP between EAMS

c. Nasion

d. 0.5 cm distal to nasion

b

37. Which of the following is shown in the Towne Method for petrous portions?

a. Petrosae below base of the skull

b. Arcuate eminences

c. Epitympanic recess

d. Jugular foramina

b

38. The Haas Method is what type of projection?

a. AP Axial

b. PA Axial

c. Axiolateral

d. Submentovertical

a

39. What is the CR angle for the Haas Method?

a. 25 degrees cephalad

b. 25 degrees caudad

c. 30 degrees cephalad

d. 37 degrees caudad

b

40. What is the CR entrance for the Haas

Method?

a. Glabella

b. Nasion

c. Acanthion

d. Inion

b

41. The Haas Method is recommended for

patients who cannot assume which position?

a. PA Axial

b. AP Axial

c. Lateral

d. SMV

c

42. In the Haas method, the dorsum sellae

and posterior clinoid processes are seen

within the shadow of the:

a. Maxillary sinus

b. Sphenoid sinus

c. Foramen magnum

d. Orbit

a

43. The Valdini Method is a:

a. PA Axial Projection

b. AP Axial Projection

c. Axiolateral Projection

d. Submentovertical Projection

c

44. In the Valdini Method, if the IOML is

placed at 50 degrees, what is primarily

shown (acronym DILA)?

a. External auditory meatus

b. Tympanic cavity

c. Dorsum sellae & Internal Auditory

Meatus

d. Bony part of Eustachian tube

c

45. In the Valdini Method, if the OML is placed at 50 degrees, what is primarily shown (acronym ETB)?

a. Dorsum sellae

b. Internal Auditory Meatus

c. External auditory meatus & Tympaniccavity

d. Labyrinth

c

46. What is the CR angle for the Valdini method?

a. 25 degrees cephalad

b. 30 degrees caudad

c. Perpendicular

d. 15 degrees cephalad

c

47. The Schuller/Pfeiffer Method is also known as the:

a. AP Axial Projection

b. PA Axial Projection

c. Submentovertical (Subbasal) Projection

d. Axiolateral Oblique Projection

a

48. What line is parallel to the IR in the Schuller/Pfeiffer Method?

a. OML

b. IOML

c. AML

d. MML

b

49. What is the CR entrance for the Schuller/Pfeiffer Method?

a. Nasion
b. 3/4 in. anterior to EAM
c. Midway between EAMS
d. 1 in. posterior to EAM

b

50. For the Hirtz Method, what is the CR

angle and direction?

a. Perpendicular

b. 5 degrees anteriorly

c. 10 degrees posteriorly

d. 15 degrees anteriorly

b

51. What is the patient position for the

Mayer Method?

a. Prone

b. Supine

c. Lateral

d. Seated

c

52. In the Mayer Method, the MSP is rotated how many degrees from the IR?

a. 15 degrees

b. 30 degrees

c. 45 degrees

d. 55 degrees

b

53. What is the CR angle for the Mayer Method?

a. 45 degrees cephalad

b. 45 degrees caudad

c. 30 degrees caudad

d. 25 degrees caudad

c

54. In the Owen Modification described by Etter & Cross, the MSP is rotated how many degrees to the IR?

a. 15 degrees

b. 30 degrees

c. 40 degrees

d. 45 degrees

d

55. In theOwen Modification used by Zizmor, the CR angle is:

a. 28 degrees caudally

b. 25–30 degrees caudally

c. 30 degrees caudally

d. 35 degrees caudally

b

56. The Stenvers Method is also called the:

a. Anterior Profile Position

b. Posterior Profile Position

c. Subbasal Projection

d. Transoral Position

a

57. What is the patient position for theStenvers Method?

a. Prone

b. Supine

c. Lateral

d. Semi-prone

c

58. In the Stenvers Method, the MSP is rotated how many degrees to the IR?

a. 15 degrees

b. 30 degrees

c. 45 degrees

d. 55 degrees

a

59. What is the CR angle for the Stenvers Method?

a. 12 degrees cephalad

b. 12 degrees caudad

c. 10 degrees caudad

d. 15 degrees cephalad

a

60. Which pars petrosa is shown in the Stenvers method?

a. Pars petrosa closest to IR

b. Pars petrosa farthest from IR

c. Both pars petrosae

d. Neither

b

61. The Arcelin Method is also known asthe:

a. Posterior Profile Position

b. Reverse Stenvers Method

c. Subbasal Projection

d. Modified Law Method

b

62. What is the patient position for the Arcelin Method?

a. Prone

b. Supine

c. Lateral

d. Upright

d

63. What is the CR angle for the Arcelin Method?

a. 12 degrees cephalad

b. 12 degrees caudad

c. 10 degrees cephalad

d. 10 degrees caudad

c

64. What is the primary purpose of the Arcelin Method?

a. Useful for patients who cannot assume AP axial position

b. Useful for visualizing tumors of the acoustic nerve

c. Useful with children & adults who cannot be positioned for Stenvers Method

d. Useful for delineating the hypoglossal canal

a

65. For the Modified Law Method(Axiolateral Position), the CR angle is:

a. 15 degrees caudad

b. 15 degrees cephalad

c. 25 degrees caudad

d. 35 degrees caudad

c

66. In the Modified Law Method, the head is rotated how many degrees toward the IR?

a. 0 degrees

b. 10 degrees

c. 15 degrees

d. 20 degrees

c

67. In the Chausse III Method, the MSP is rotated:

a. 0 degrees

b. 10 degrees

c. 15 degrees (10 to 20)

d. 45 degrees

d

68. What is the CR entrance for the Chausse III Method?

a. EAM

b. Nasion

c. Glabella

d. Tragus

b

69. In the Sansegret Modification of Chausse III Method, the IOML is positioned:

a. 30 degrees open cranially

b. 30 degrees open caudally

c. 15 degrees open caudally

d. Perpendicular to IR

b

70. The Low-Beer Method is an Axiolateral Oblique Projection also known as the:

a. Parietotemporal Projection

b. Temporo-Parietal Projection

c. Submentovertical Projection

d. Anterior Profile Position

a

71. What is the CR angle for the Low-Beer Method?

a. 33 degrees anteriorly and 10 degrees cephalad

b. 30 degrees anteriorly

c. 15 degrees caudad

d. 25 degrees cephalad

b

72. The Lysholm Method for Mastoids is a:

a. Temporo-Parietal Projection

b. Parietotemporal Projection

c. Transoral Axial Position

d. Submentovertical Projection

b

73. What is the CR angle for the Lysholm Method (Parietotemporal Projection)?

a. 33 degrees anteriorly and 10 degrees cephalad

b. 30 degrees anteriorly

c. 12 degrees cephalad

d. 10 degrees caudad

a

74. The Modified Fuchs Method for the Temporal Styloid Process is a(n):

a. AP Projection

b. PA Projection

c. Lateral Projection

d. Oblique Projection

a

75. What is the CR angle for the Modified Fuchs Method (AP Projection)?

a. 13 degrees caudally

b. 25 degrees cephalad

c. 8 degrees cephalad

d. 10 degrees cephalad and 10 degrees anteriorly

a

76. In the Modified Fuchs Method(AP), the styloid process is shown within the shadow of the:

a. Maxillary sinus

b. Sphenoid sinus

c. Foramen magnum

d. Mandible

c

77. What is the patient position for the Cahoon Method?

a. Supine

b. Lateral

c. Seated erect or prone

d. Semi-prone

b

78. What is the CR angle for the Cahoon Method?

a. 13 degrees caudally

b. 25 degrees cephalad

c. 8 degrees cephalad

d. 10 degrees cephalad

c

79. In the Cahoon Method, the CRentranceis:

a. EAM

b. Tragus

c. 1 inch inferior to nasion

d. 1/4 inch distal to mastoid tip

c

80. The Wigby-Taylor Method is what type of projection?

a. AP Projection

b. Lateral Projection

c. AP Oblique Projection

d. PA Axial Projection

d

81. What isthe CR angle for the Wigby-Taylor Method?

a. 8 degrees cephalad

b. 13 degrees caudally

c. 25 degrees cephalad

d. 10 degrees cephalad

b

82. In the Wigby-Taylor method, the patient holds his mouth open during exposure to move the:

a. Maxilla superiorly

b. Coronoid process of the mandible inferiorly

c. Tongue out of the way

d. Styloid process laterally

b

83. For the Fuchs Method (Lateral Position) of the styloid process,the AML is positioned:

a. Perpendicular to plane of film

b. Parallel with transverse axis of film

c. 15 degrees from plane of film

d. 30 degrees open caudally

d

84. What is the CR angle for the Fuchs Method (Lateral Position)?

a. 13 degrees caudally

b. 25 degrees cephalad

c. 8 degrees cephalad

d. 10 degrees cephalad and 10 degrees anteriorly

b

85. In the Fuchs Method (Lateral), thestyloidprocess is projected into the space superiorto the:

a. Maxillary sinus

b. Mandibular notch

c. Foramen magnumd. Mastoid process

b

86. The Kemp-Harper Method for Jugular Foramina is a:

a. Transoral Axial Position

b. Submentovertical Axial Position

c. Anterior Profile Position

d. Parietotemporal Projection

a

87. What is the CR angle for the Kemp- Harper Method?

a. 20 degrees caudad

b. Perpendicular

c. 25 degrees through open mouth

d. 12 degrees cephalad

c

88. In the Eraso Modification for Jugular Foramina, the OML is angled how many degrees from the plane of the film?

a. 15 degrees

b. 20 degrees

c. 25 degrees

d. 30 degrees

b

89. What is the CR angle for the Eraso Modification?

a. 20 degrees caudad

b. Perpendicular to midpoint of film

c. 25 degrees through open mouth

d. 15 degrees cephalad

b

90. The Chausse II Method for Jugular Foramina is a:

a. Submentovertical Axial Position

b. Transoral Axial Position

c. PA Axial Projection

d. Axiolateral Oblique Projection

c

91. What is the CR angle for the Chausse II Method?

a. 20 degrees caudad

b. Perpendicular

c. 25 degrees through the open mouth

d. 12 degrees cephalad

a

92. In the Chausse II Method, the AML is

angled:

a. 10 degrees open cranially from vertical

b. 15 degrees open caudally

c. Perpendicular

d. Parallel

b

93. In the Chausse II Method, the patient phonates what sound?

a. "e"

b. "ah"

c. "o"

d. "u"

c

94. The Miller Method is used to demonstrate the:

a. Mastoid cells

b. Jugular foramina

c. Hypoglossal canal

d. Styloid process

a

95. The Miller Method uses what position?a. Anterior Profile

b. Posterior Profile

c. Transoral Axial

d. Axiolateral Oblique

c

96. In the Miller Method, how much is the MSP rotated away from the side being examined?

a. 15 degrees

b. 30 degrees

c. 45 degrees

d. 55 degrees

a

97. What is the CR entrance for the Miller Method?

a. 1 inch anterior and 1/2 inch inferior to EAM

b. Tragus

c. EAM

d. Nasion

b

98. What is the CR angle for the Miller Method?

a. 10 degrees caudad

b. 12 degrees cephalad

c. 15 degrees caudad

d. 25 degrees cephalad

c

99. The Miller Method is used to delineate the hypoglossal canal in cases of:

a. Acoustic neuroma

b. Mastoiditis

c. Hypoglossal nerve tumor

d. Styloid process fracture

c

100. During the Miller Method, the patient is instructed to:

a. Suspend respiration

b. Swallow

c. Open mouth (phonate a-h-h-h)

d. Clench their jaw