IELTS Academic Vocabulary Mastery

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers 200 key academic words for IELTS preparation, categorized from Band 6 to Band 9, providing formal definitions to help students enhance their academic writing and speaking control.

allocate

distribute resources for a specific purpose.

deteriorate

become worse over time.

implement

put a plan or rule into action.

justify

give a convincing reason for something.

significant

important or noticeable.

sustainable

able to continue without causing harm.

inevitable

certain to happen.

enhance

improve the quality or value of something.

restrict

limit or control.

regulate

control using rules.

impact

a strong effect on something.

decline

a gradual decrease.

contribute

help to cause or achieve something.

concern

something that worries people.

demand

the need or desire for something.

factor

an element that influences an outcome.

evidence

information that shows something is true.

responsibility

a duty to deal with something.

priority

the most important thing to focus on.

solution

a way to solve a problem.

approach

a method of doing something.

maintain

keep something at the same level.

reduce

make smaller in amount or degree.

increase

become larger in amount or degree.

access

the ability to use or obtain something.

resource

something useful that can be used.

consume

use something, especially energy or food.

pressure

stress or demand placed on someone/something.

affect

influence or change something.

support

help or encourage something.

require

need something as necessary.

challenge

a difficult problem.

measure

an action taken to achieve a result.

invest

spend money/time to gain benefit.

influence

the power to affect decisions.

standard

a level of quality.

consequence

a result, often negative.

participate

take part.

role

a function or responsibility.

limit

a maximum amount; to restrict.

average

typical or normal.

process

a series of actions to achieve a result.

trend

a general direction of change.

policy

an official plan or rule.

income

money earned.

outcome

the result of an action.

reliable

can be trusted to work well.

effective

producing the desired result.

notable

worthy of attention; significant.

efficient

working well without wasting time or resources.

mitigate

make something less severe.

facilitate

make an action easier.

undermine

weak or damage.

exacerbate

make a problem worse.

substantial

large in amount or degree.

constrain

limit or restrict.

evaluate

judge the quality or value.

integrate

combine into a whole.

incentive

something that motivates.

framework

a structured system or plan.

intervene

become involved to change a situation.

transition

a change from one state to another.

viable

possible and practical.

widespread

common over a large area.

mechanism

a method or process that makes something work.

context

the situation in which something happens.

consensus

general agreement.

inequality

unfair differences in society.

legislation

laws made by a government.

perspective

a way of thinking about something.

reinforce

strengthen an idea or system.

stabilize

make something steady.

adapt

change to suit new conditions.

modify

change slightly to improve.

predict

say what will likely happen.

relevant

connected to the topic.

sector

a part of the economy.

strategy

a planned method to achieve a goal.

tension

a difficult relationship or conflict.

bias

unfair preference.

welfare

people’s health and happiness.

generate

produce or create.

emerge

appear or become known.

contemporary

modern, current.

prioritize

treat as more important.

coherent

logical and well-organized.

attain

achieve after effort.

disparity

a noticeable difference.

feasible

possible and realistic.

compelling

convincing and persuasive.

robust

strong and effective.

notion

an idea or belief.

advocate

publicly support.

plausible

reasonable and believable.

sufficient

enough.

consequently

as a result.

predominant

most common or main.

articulate

express ideas clearly.

consolidate

combine and strengthen.

formulate

develop systematically.