ch 27 - male reproductive system - mc questions

The primary function of the scrotum is to:

Maintain testes at a temperature lower than core body temperature

Which structure wrinkles the scrotal skin to reduce heat loss?

Dartos muscle

Which muscle elevates the testes toward the body in cold temperatures?

Cremaster muscle

The pampiniform plexus functions to:

Cool arterial blood entering the testes

The seminiferous tubules are the site of:

Sperm production

The tunica albuginea is:

A tough connective tissue covering of the testis

Interstitial (Leydig) cells primarily:

Secrete testosterone

Sustentacular (Sertoli) cells:

Support and nourish developing sperm cells

The blood-testis barrier:

Protects sperm from immune system attack

The epididymis functions to:

Mature and store sperm

The ductus (vas) deferens:

Propels sperm toward the urethra

The ejaculatory duct is formed by:

Union of ductus deferens and seminal vesicle duct

The urethra:

Carries both urine and semen (at different times)

Seminal vesicles contribute:

Fructose-rich fluid making up most of semen

The prostate gland secretes:

Milky, slightly basic fluid that activates sperm

Bulbourethral glands:

Produce mucus that lubricates and neutralizes urine acidity

Semen is best described as:

A mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions

The alkalinity of semen:

Neutralizes acidic environments

The corpus spongiosum:

Surrounds the urethra

The corpora cavernosa:

Fill with blood to produce erection

The glans penis is:

The enlarged distal tip of the penis

The prepuce is:

Foreskin covering the glans

The head of the sperm contains:

Nucleus and acrosome

The acrosome:

Contains enzymes to penetrate the egg

The midpiece of sperm:

Contains mitochondria for energy

The tail (flagellum):

Enables movement

Spermatogonia are:

Diploid stem cells

Primary spermatocytes are:

Diploid (2n)

Secondary spermatocytes are:

Haploid (n)

Spermatids are:

Haploid and non-motile

Spermatozoa are:

Haploid and motile

Spermiogenesis is:

Transformation of spermatids into sperm

Meiosis I produces:

Secondary spermatocytes

Meiosis II produces:

Spermatids

Meiosis reduces chromosome number from:

Diploid (2n) to haploid (n)

Synapsis occurs during:

Prophase I

Crossing over:

Increases genetic variation

Final product of meiosis:

Four haploid cells

GnRH is released by the:

Hypothalamus

FSH stimulates:

Sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis

LH stimulates:

Leydig cells to produce testosterone

Testosterone:

Promotes spermatogenesis and male traits

Inhibin:

Inhibits FSH release

The correct pathway begins in:

Seminiferous tubules

After epididymis, sperm enter:

Ductus deferens

Sperm then pass into:

Ejaculatory duct

Final exit of sperm occurs through:

External urethral orifice