Nutrition Quiz Questions

Storage forms of glucose in living things include which of the following?

glycogen and starch

Total fiber refers to the sum of which of the following?

dietary and functional fibers

The action of bacterial enzymes on fiber in the large intestine results in which of the following reactions?

release of short-chain fatty acids

Fructose and galactose are mostly metabolized in which of the following organs?

liver

Maria is on a strict lactose-free diet. When reading labels, which of the following foods does she NOT need to avoid?

gluten

How is glycogen typically stored in the body?

in the liver and muscles

Type 2 diabetes runs in Jason's family, and he is concerned he may be diagnosed as well. Jason goes to the doctor and has his fasting blood glucose checked multiple times over a several-month period. Each time he goes, his blood glucose is between 110 and 125 mL per dL. Which of the following is true?

Jason probably has prediabetes

Low blood glucose stimulates which of the following organs to release glucagon into the bloodstream?

pancreas

Chris has started reading nutrition labels to make better decisions regarding his health. He comes across a product that says "excess consumption may have a laxative effect" on the label. Which product is he most likely looking at?

a product containing at least 50 grams of sugar alcohols

Rico wants to start eating more foods that are low on the glycemic index. Which of the following foods would be the best choice for Rico?

barley

The warning label that appears on products containing aspartame is necessary to prevent problems for people with which of the following conditions?

phenylketonuria

Robin has been trying to incorporate high-fiber foods into her diet. She read that a high-fiber diet is important for her overall health and wellness. Specifically, research studies suggest that a high-fiber diet protects against which of the following?

colon cancer

Randy has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and is trying his best to count carbohydrates. For an evening snack, Randy has a typical-sized apple. How many grams of carbohydrates is he consuming?

15 grams

Tia learned in her nutrition class that there are many ways to list sugar on a nutrition label. She has a fruit bar that has a variety of ingredients in it. Which one does NOT refer to sugar?

baking soda

Where is fructose primarily metabolized?

liver

What does it mean when a fatty acid is described as being saturated?

It contains only single bonds between its carbon atoms.

Fatty acids vary in their degree of saturation or unsaturation due to the number of what?

double bonds

Which of the following members of the lipid family are soluble in both water and fat?

phospholipids

Lucy recently went to the physical exam provided by her employer. While there, she learned that she needed to increase her HDL levels. What action would you recommend to help Lucy do this?

increase physical activity

Raul has been having trouble with his bile production and is now experiencing some side effects. The function of bile in fat digestion is to do what?

emulsify fats into smaller particles

Which of the following happens to the bile that is reabsorbed by the small intestine?

Most of the bile is reabsorbed from the small intestine and recycled

Carl is concerned about heart disease as he ages. He has come to you for advice. Which of the following blood lipids would you tell Carl is linked most directly to heart disease?

low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol

Mia has recently visited with her registered dietitian nutritionist and was told to start consuming foods that contain arachidonic acid. She has never heard of this before. What is the most likely reason that Mia is being told this?

Mia is deficient in linoleic acid

Scott and Mark are nutrition students learning about lipids. Scott says that triglycerides provide no benefit to the body, whereas Mark argues that triglycerides do have a purpose. Who is correct?

Mark is correct because triglycerides provide the cells with energy

Sarafina recently got her results back from her yearly physical. Which of the following would be a desirable blood lipid profile?

LDL cholesterol of <100 milligrams per deciliter

Which types of dietary fats can increase blood LDL concentrations?

saturated fatty acids, trans-fatty acids

Maria is trying to avoid mercury in the fish she consumes. Which of the following fish would you recommend Maria avoid because of their high mercury content?

swordfish and tilefish

If a fat source is counted toward an individual's discretionary kcalories, what does this mean?

This fat source is high in saturated fat, and its intake should be limited.

How would you update the following snack to make it more heart healthy?

2 slices of whole grain bread with 1 tablespoon peanut butter and 1 tablespoon grape jelly, 1 cup of whole milk

Exchange the whole milk for skim milk

Alli is trying very hard to follow the traditional Mediterranean diet. Which breakfast menu would most closely align with the Mediterranean diet?

cantaloupe, whole grain bagel, almonds

Which activity results from the action of hydrochloric acid on protein in the stomach?

denaturation

In which way do the structures of amino acids differ from each other?

They each have a unique side group.

Which statement is true of essential amino acids?

The body does not make sufficient amounts, so they must be included in the diet.

Which of the following substances converts the inactive pepsinogen to its active form, pepsin?

hydrochloric acid

Kalif has been working out at the gym and is beginning to see some great muscle definition. However, he is very new to nutrition and confused about how to best fuel his body. He purchased some amino acid supplements from a local supplement store. You tell Kalif you do not recommend that he consume these products. Which of your recommendations is not true?

The body is able to handle many amino acid supplements at one time, therefore preventing deficiencies and toxicity

What is the process of messenger RNA being made from a template of DNA?

transcription

Consider all the functions proteins do and the roles they play in the body. Proteins are involved in all of the following activities in the body, EXCEPT for which one?

formation of cholesterol

Raquel and Mark have been discussing their metabolism. Raquel is hoping to lose some weight while on a high-protein diet. Which of the following statements about protein metabolism is NOT true?

excess dietary protein can be stored until needed

Rosa is on a high-protein diet. Rosa said that animal proteins are higher in protein quality. Why is that?

Animal protein contains all the essential amino acids that humans need

Which of the following is NOT a measure of protein quality in food?

amount

Rick recently had a physical for work. While there, the physician ordered some additional testing and diagnosed Rick with heart disease. Which amino acid would you expect to be elevated in Rick?

Homocysteine

Kayla has heard that it is important to "count macros." She understands that the macronutrients are carbohydrates, fats, and protein. Based on the percentage of total food energy, how much daily protein should Kayla aim for?

10-35 percent

Carl is a personal trainer and has seen an increase in the number of his clients using whey protein. Carl should tell his clients that whey protein is a waste product from the manufacturing of which of the following?

cheese

Which of the following is true regarding phenylketonuria (PKU)?

It can result in mental impairment and seizures

Nutrigenomics is expected to change health care in the future by all of the following EXCEPT what?

allowing physicians to prescribe medication without knowing a patient's genetic profile, but rather for the population as a whole