Mechanisms of Breathing

Flashcards covering the structure and mechanisms of the human respiratory system.

What is the main function of the nasal cavity in the human respiratory system?

To provide a large surface area with a good blood supply for warming, moistening, and filtering air.

What is the function of mucus in the trachea?

Mucus traps dust and microorganisms, helping to clean the air before it reaches the lungs.

What supports the trachea and prevents its collapse?

Incomplete, flexible cartilage.

What are bronchi and how do they relate to the trachea?

The trachea divides into two bronchi, which have a similar structure to the trachea.

What is the primary difference between bronchi and bronchioles?

Bronchi contain cartilage, while bronchioles do not and have smooth muscle for controlling airflow.

What are alveoli, and what is their main function?

Alveoli are small sacs in the lungs that provide a large surface area for gas exchange.

How do elastic fibers in the alveoli assist in breathing?

They allow the alveoli to stretch during inhalation and recoil during exhalation.

What is the role of cilia in the respiratory system?

Cilia sweep trapped particles and mucus upwards to be coughed out or swallowed.