chem

describe volume and shape of liquids

"fixed volume but no fixed shape

what is the separation of particles like in a solid

"very small distance between particles

what is the movement like in a solid

"vibrate in fixed position

what is the arrangement like in a solid

"tightly packed in a fixed shape and regular arrangement

what is the seperation like in a liquid?

"small distance between particles

what is the arrangement like in a liquid

"randomly arranged, and close together

what is the movement like in a liquid

"slide over each other

what is the movement like in a gas

"moves randomly in all direction

what is the arrangement in a gas like?

" randomly arranged and far apart

what is the seperation in a gas like?

"large distance between particles

define physical property

"characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance into a new substance

list 6 examples of physical properties

"shape, colour, volume, density, melting and boiling point.

define vacuum

"vacuum is a space that contains no particles (NO MATTER)

what are the differences between Mendeleev's periodic table and the periodic table we use today

"mendeleev's periodic table was in atomic mass and do not have the current element, while the current periodic table is in atomic number and have more elements

define the term molecule

"molecule is particle made up of two or more atoms that is chemically bonded together

define the term element

"element is a substance that is made up of only one type of atom

what cant element be broken down into simpler substance

"chemical methods

define the term compound

"compound is a substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together 

define the term atom

"atom is the smallest unit of matter, everything around us is made of atom

compounds can be broke by _____

"chemical reaction

define the term mixture

"mixture is made when two or more substance are combined together without chemical reaction

how can mixtures be seperated?

"physical methods

what is in a mixture

"compounds, elements, or both

define the term solution

"type of mixture where one substance completely dissolve in another

define the term solvent

"The substance that does dissolving

define the term soluble

"A substance is soluble if it can dissolve in a solvent

define the term insoluble

"A substance is insoluble if it cannot dissolve in a solvent

define the term solute

"the substance that is dissolved

define the term chemical reaction

"a process where substance change into a new substance with different properties

define the term reactant

"a substance that is present or start of a chemical reaction

define the term product

"a substance that is formed at the end of a chemical reaction

what are the 6 signs of chemical reaction?

"-colour change
-gas produced (bubbles/fizzing)
-temp change
-formation of solid (precipitate)
-light or flame
-change in smell

define the term flammable

"a material that catches fire easily when exposed to light or flame

what is the law of conservation?

"total mass of reactant is equal to the total mass of the product

carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that makes??

"earth surface hotter which causes climate change

why does mass not change in a chemical reaction

"number of atoms of each elements do not change in a chemical reaction

define precipitation reaction

"reaction in which two aqeous solution react to form an insoluble solid

what does aqeous mean

"dissolve in water

what is precipitate

"a precipitate is an insoluble solid formed when two aqeous solution react

what is the precipitate colour of iron

"green/blue

what is the precipitate colour of copper

"blue

what is the precipitate colour of nickel

"green

define alloy

"a mixture of metal with another element

define corrosion

"corrosion is a chemical reaction that happens on the surface of a metal

how do corrosion work

"corrosion happens when metal is exposed to oxygen and water for a long period of time

what is stainless steel

"stainless steel is an alloy of iron, mixed with about 10% chromium

why doesnt stainless steel rust

"it doesnt react with oxygen and water

define chemical reaction

"it describe how substance change in a chemical reaction

when a metal is hit and it makes a ringing sound what is that called?

"sonorous

metal is a good conductor of what?

"thermal energy and electricity

explain what a copper heat sink does

"copper heat sink prevents computer overheating, transfers thermal energy away from processing unit

explain what aluminium and Au does as a conductor

"aluminium is used in power cables, gold is used in printed circuit boards in cellphones

define malleable

"can be hammered into different shapes

define ductile

"can be pulled into wires

most metals are?

"strong, sonorous, shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductors of thermal energy and electricity

an insoluble cobalt salt is 

"cobalt carbonate

an insoluble yellow is called

"sodium hydroxide

most metals need alot of heat to

"boil or metal

iron is used for?

"building bridges

examples of uses of copper and their functions

"electrical wires, they are a good conductor, and do not easily corrode

examples of uses of aluminium and their function

"aeroplanes, soda can, cooking pot, they are light, strong, resist corrosion, good conductor

what are the uses of golds and their function

"jewellery, electronics, they are shiny, and unreactive

hydrogen fuel cells can be used to power vehicles write the word equation

hydrogen + oxygen → water

why hydrogen may be considered to thr ideal fuel for the future

has harmless waste which is water, it doesnt heat earths surface unlike Co2

why hydrogen is not widely used at the moment

hydrogen is difficult to store, few hydrogen filling stations

method of preventing rust

coating with paint or zinc

what is the physical properties of metal

shiny, strong, hard, high melting point/boiling, good conductor of electricity/thermal, ductile, sonorous

what is platinum used for

jewellery

state differences between boiling and evaporation

boiling happens at a fixed temperature while evaporation happens at any temperature

define molecule

particle made up of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together