Polymers and Fertilizers: Chemistry Overview

Monomers

Small molecules joining to form polymers.

Polymers

Long chains of monomers linked together.

Polymerisation

Process of forming polymers from monomers.

Addition Polymerisation

Monomers join without losing any atoms.

Condensation Polymerisation

Monomers join, releasing small molecules like water.

Polyethene

Polymer made from ethene monomers.

Polyesters

Polymers formed from condensation of esters.

Functional Groups

Specific groups of atoms in molecules affecting properties.

Natural Polymers

Polymers occurring naturally in plants and animals.

Rubber

Natural addition polymer sourced from trees.

Starch

Natural condensation polymer derived from glucose.

Cellulose

Natural polymer made from glucose in plants.

Fertilizers

Substances that promote plant growth.

NPK Analysis

Composition of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in fertilizers.

Ammonia

Compound used to produce nitrogen fertilizers.

Haber Process

Industrial method to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen.

Ostwald Process

Method for producing nitric acid from ammonia.

Nitric Acid

Strong acid produced from nitrogen dioxide.

Salts

Compounds formed from acids and bases, used in fertilizers.

Condensation Reaction

Reaction where two molecules combine, releasing water.

Polymer Chain

Long sequence of repeating monomer units.

Ethene

Monomer used to create polyethene.

Diacids

Acids containing two carboxylic acid groups.

Diols

Alcohols with two hydroxyl functional groups.