Acids and Bases
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12 Terms
What is an example of an acid?
Hydrochloric acid
What is an example of a base?
Sodium Hydroxide
According to Arrhenius, what is an acid?
A substance that dissociates in water to produce H+ ions
According to Arrhenius, what forms when hydrogen ions react with water?
A hydronium ion
According to Arrhenius, what is a base?
A substance that dissociates in water to produce OH- ions
What was an issue with Arrhenius’ definition?
The definition is restricted to aqueous solutions
According to Brønsted-Lowry, what is an acid?
A proton donor
According to Brønsted-Lowry, what is a base?
A proton acceptor
What does it mean when we say that water is “polar”?
It has an uneven distribution of electrons (one side more positive, the other more negative)
What substance other than water is polar?
Ammonia
What is an advantage of Brønsted-Lowry’s theory?
Explains how substances can be amphoteric
What does amphoteric mean?
A substance can act as an acid or a base